1. Ukuhlelwa kweFiberAiimplifiers
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeamplifiers optical:
(1) I-Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (i-SOA, i-Semiconductor Optical Amplifier);
(2) I-Optical fiber amplifiers edibene nezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba (i-erbium Er, i-thulium Tm, i-praseodymium Pr, i-rubidium Nd, njl.), ingakumbi i-erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA), kunye ne-thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) kunye ne-praseodymium-doped fiber amplifiers (PDFA), njl.
(3) I-nonlinear fiber amplifiers, ikakhulukazi i-fiber Raman amplifiers (FRA, i-Fiber Raman Amplifier).Uthelekiso oluphambili lwala ma-amplifiers optical luboniswe kwitheyibhile
EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)
Inkqubo ye-laser ye-multi-level ingenziwa ngokufakela i-quartz fiber kunye nezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba (ezifana ne-Nd, Er, Pr, Tm, njl.), kunye nokukhanya kwesignali yegalelo kwandiswa ngokuthe ngqo phantsi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwempompo.Emva kokubonelela ngempendulo efanelekileyo, i-fiber laser yenziwa.Ubude obusebenzayo be-Nd-doped fiber amplifier yi-1060nm kunye ne-1330nm, kwaye ukuphuhliswa kwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kulinganiselwe ngenxa yokutenxa kwi-port ye-sink engcono yonxibelelwano lwe-fiber optic kunye nezinye izizathu.Ubude obusebenzayo be-EDFA kunye ne-PDFA ngokulandelelana kwifestile yelahleko ephantsi (1550nm) kunye ne-zero dispersion wavelength (1300nm) yonxibelelwano lwefiber optical, kwaye iTDFA isebenza kwi-S-band, efanelekileyo kakhulu kwizicelo zenkqubo yonxibelelwano lwefiber. .Ngokukodwa i-EDFA, uphuhliso olukhawulezayo, luye lwasebenza.
IPisiseko se-EDFA
Ulwakhiwo olusisiseko lwe-EDFA luboniswe kuMzobo 1(a), oqulunqwe ikakhulu yintsika esebenzayo (i-erbium-doped silica fiber malunga namashumi eemitha ubude, kunye nobubanzi obuyi-3-5 microns kunye ne-doping concentration ye-(25). -1000)x10-6) , umthombo wokukhanya wempompo (990 okanye 1480nm LD), i-optical coupler kunye ne-optical isolator.Ukukhanya kwesignali kunye nokukhanya kwepompo kunokusasaza kwicala elifanayo (i-codirectional pumping), izikhombisi-ndlela ezichaseneyo (i-reverse pumping) okanye zombini izikhokelo (i-bidirectional pumping) kwi-erbium fiber.Xa ukukhanya komqondiso kunye nokukhanya kwempompo kufakwe kwi-fiber ye-erbium ngexesha elifanayo, i-erbium ions iyavuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu lamandla phantsi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwempompo (Umfanekiso 1 (b), inkqubo yamanqanaba amathathu), kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukubola kwinqanaba lamandla e-metastable , xa ibuyela kwimeko yomhlaba phantsi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwesiganeko sesiganeko, ikhupha iifotoni ezihambelana nokukhanya komqondiso, ukwenzela ukuba umqondiso ukhulise.Umzobo 1 (c) yi-amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectrum kunye ne-bandwidth enkulu (ukuya kwi-20-40nm) kunye neencopho ezimbini ezihambelana ne-1530nm kunye ne-1550nm ngokulandelanayo.
Iingenelo eziphambili ze-EDFA zikuzuza okuphezulu, i-bandwidth enkulu, amandla aphezulu aphumayo, ukusebenza kwempompo ephezulu, ukulahleka kokufakwa okuphantsi, kunye nokungabi novelwano kwimeko ye-polarization.
2. Iingxaki ngeFiber Optical Amplifiers
Nangona iamplifier yamehlo (ingakumbi i-EDFA) ineenzuzo ezininzi ezibalaseleyo, ayisiyo iamplifier efanelekileyo.Ukongeza kwingxolo eyongezelelweyo enciphisa i-SNR yesiginali, kukho ezinye iintsilelo, ezinje:
-Ukungalingani kwe-spectrum yokuzuza ngaphakathi kwe-bandwidth ye-amplifier kuchaphazela ukusebenza kokwandisa amajelo amaninzi;
- Xa i-amplifiers optical i-cascade, imiphumo ye-ASE yomsindo, i-fiber dispersion kunye nemiphumo engabonakaliyo iya kuqokelela.
Le miba kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwisicelo nakuyilo lwenkqubo.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Optical Amplifier kwi-Optical Fiber Communication System
Kwinkqubo yonxibelelwano lwefiber optical, iI-Fiber Optical Amplifierinokusetyenziswa kungekuphela nje njenge-amplifier yokunyusa amandla we-transmitter ukunyusa amandla othumelo, kodwa nanjenge-preamplifier yomamkeli ukuphucula ubuntununtunu bokufumana, kwaye inokutshintsha indawo yokuphinda i-optical-electrical-optical repeater, ukwandisa usasazo. umgama kunye nokuqaphela unxibelelwano olubonakalayo.
Kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano lwefiber optical, eyona miba iphambili ethintela umgama wothumelo yilahleko kunye nokusasazeka kwefiber optical.Ukusebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya we-spectrum emxinwa, okanye usebenza kufuphi ne-zero-dispersion wavelength, impembelelo yefayibha yokusasazwa incinci.Le nkqubo ayifuni ukwenza uhlaziyo olupheleleyo lwexesha lomqondiso (i-3R relay) kwisikhululo ngasinye sokuhanjiswa.Kwanele ukukhulisa ngokuthe ngqo umqondiso we-optical nge-amplifier optical (1R relay).I-amplifiers ye-Optical ingasetyenziselwa kuphela kwiinkqubo ze-trunk ezide kodwa nakwiinethiwekhi zokusabalalisa i-fiber optical, ngakumbi kwiinkqubo ze-WDM, ukukhulisa iziteshi ezininzi ngaxeshanye.
1) Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Optical Amplifiers kwi-Trunk Optical Fiber Communication Systems
Umzobo we-2 ngumzobo oqingqiweyo wokusetyenziswa kwe-amplifier optical kwi-trunk optical fiber communication system.(a) umfanekiso ubonisa ukuba iamplifier yamehlo isetyenziswa njenge-amplifier yokunyusa amandla we-transmitter kunye ne-preamplifier yomamkeli ukuze umgama ongadluliswanga uphindwe kabini.Umzekelo, ukwamkela i-EDFA, ukuhanjiswa kwenkqubo umgama we-1.8Gb/s unyuka ukusuka kwi-120km ukuya kwi-250km okanye ude ufikelele kwi-400km.Umzobo we-2 (b)-(d) kukusetyenziswa kwee-amplifiers optical kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-relay;Umzobo (b) yimowudi ye-3R yesiqhelo;Umzobo (c) yimowudi ye-relay edibeneyo ye-3R ephindayo kunye ne-optical amplifiers;Umzobo 2 (d) Yimowudi ye-relay yokukhanya konke;kwinkqubo yonxibelelwano ye-optical all-optical, ayibandakanyi ixesha kunye neesekethe zokuvuselela, ngoko ke i-bit-transparent, kwaye akukho "i-electronic bottle whisker" isithintelo.Ngethuba nje izixhobo zokuthumela kunye nokufumana kuzo zombini iziphelo zitshintshwa, Kulula ukuphucula ukusuka kwinqanaba eliphantsi ukuya kwizinga eliphezulu, kwaye i-amplifier optical ayifuni ukutshintshwa.
2) Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Optical Amplifier kwi-Optical Fiber Distribution Network
Uncedo oluphezulu lwemveliso yamandla eamplifiers optical (ingakumbi i-EDFA) ziluncedo kakhulu kuthungelwano losasazo olubanzi (ezifana neCATVUthungelwano).Inethiwekhi yeCATV yendabuko ithatha intambo ye-coaxial, efuna ukunyuswa rhoqo kumakhulu amaninzi eemitha, kwaye i-radius yenkonzo yenethiwekhi imalunga ne-7km.Inethiwekhi ye-CATV ye-fiber optical usebenzisa i-amplifiers optical ayikwazi ukwandisa kuphela inani labasebenzisi abasasazwayo, kodwa nokwandisa kakhulu indlela yenethiwekhi.Uphuhliso lwakutsha nje lubonise ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwefiber optical/hybrid (HFC) kutsala amandla omabini kwaye kunokhuphiswano oluqinileyo.
Umzobo we-4 ngumzekelo wenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-fiber optical ye-AM-VSB imodyuli ye-35 iziteshi ze-TV.Umthombo wokukhanya we-transmitter yi-DFB-LD ene-wavelength ye-1550nm kunye namandla okuphuma kwe-3.3dBm.Ukusebenzisa i-EDFA ye-4-level njenge-amplifier yokusabalalisa amandla, amandla ayo okufakwayo amalunga -6dBm, kwaye amandla ayo aphumayo malunga ne-13dBm.Uvakalelo lwe-Optical receiver -9.2d Bm.Emva kwamanqanaba ama-4 okusasazwa, inani elipheleleyo labasebenzisi lifikelele kwi-4.2 yezigidi, kwaye indlela yenethiwekhi ingaphezu kweekhilomitha zeekhilomitha.Umlinganiselo we-signal-to-noise ratio yovavanyo wawumkhulu kune-45dB, kwaye i-EDFA ayizange ibangele ukunciphisa i-CSO.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-23-2023