Xa kuziwa kwizixhobo zecala lomsebenzisi ekufikeleleni kwifiber ye-broadband, sihlala sibona amagama esiNgesi afana ne-ONU, ONT, SFU, kunye ne-HGU.Athetha ntoni la magama?Yintoni umahluko?
1. Ii-ONU kunye nee-ONT
Iindidi eziphambili zesicelo se-broadband optical fiber access zibandakanya: FTTH, FTTO, kunye ne-FTTB, kunye neefom zezixhobo zecala lomsebenzisi zihluke phantsi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo.Isixhobo secala lomsebenzisi seFTTH kunye neFTTO sisetyenziswa ngumsebenzisi omnye, obizwa ngokubaONT(I-terminal yenethiwekhi ye-Optical, i-terminal yenethiwekhi ye-optical), kunye nesixhobo secala lomsebenzisi we-FTTB kwabelwana ngabasebenzisi abaninzi, ababizwa ngokubaI-ONU(Iyunithi yeNethiwekhi ye-Optical, iyunithi yenethiwekhi ebonakalayo).
Umsebenzisi okhankanywe apha ubhekisa kumsebenzisi ohlawuliswa ngokuzimeleyo ngumsebenzisi, hayi inani leetheminali ezisetyenzisiweyo.Umzekelo, i-ONT ye-FTTH yabelwana ngokubanzi ngeetheminali ezininzi ekhaya, kodwa mnye kuphela umsebenzisi onokubalwa.
2. Iindidi ze-ONT
I-ONT yinto esiyibiza ngokuqhelekileyo imodem ye-optical, eyahlulahlulwe kwi-SFU (iYunithi yeNtsapho eNye, iyunithi yomsebenzisi wentsapho enye), i-HGU (iCandelo leSango leKhaya, iyunithi yesango lekhaya) kunye ne-SBU (Iyunithi yoShishino oluNye, iyunithi yomsebenzisi omnye weshishini).
2.1.SFU
I-SFU ngokubanzi ine-1 ukuya ku-4 ujongano lwe-Ethernet, i-1 ukuya ku-2 ujongano lwefowuni olusisigxina, kwaye eminye imifuziselo nayo inojongano lwentambo ye-TV.I-SFU ayinalo umsebenzi wesango lasekhaya, kwaye kuphela i-terminal eqhagamshelwe kwi-port ye-Ethernet inokucofa ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi, kwaye umsebenzi wokulawula kude ubuthathaka.Imodem ye-optical esetyenziswe kwinqanaba lokuqala le-FTTH yeye-SFU, engafane isetyenziswe ngoku.
2.2.Ii-HGUs
Iimodem zamehlo ezixhotyiswe ngabasebenzisi be-FTTH ezivulwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje zizo zonkeHGU.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-SFU, i-HGU inezi zinzuzo zilandelayo:
(1) I-HGU sisixhobo sesango, esilungele uthungelwano lwasekhaya;ngelixa i-SFU sisixhobo sothumelo esiselubala, esingenazo izakhono zesango, kwaye ngokubanzi ifuna intsebenziswano yezixhobo zesango ezinjengeerutha zasekhaya kuthungelwano lwasekhaya.
(2) I-HGU ixhasa imowudi yomzila kwaye inomsebenzi we-NAT, oyisisixhobo somaleko-3;ngelixa uhlobo lwe-SFU luxhasa kuphela umaleko-2 wendlela yokuvala ibhuloho, elingana ne-maleko-2 yokutshintsha.
(3) I-HGU inokuphumeza eyakho i-broadband dial-up application, kwaye iikhomputha eziqhagamshelweyo kunye neeterminal eziphathwayo zinokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Intanethi ngaphandle kokudayela;ngelixa i-SFU kufuneka ifowulwe yikhompyuter yomsebenzisi okanye ifowuni ephathwayo okanye nge-router yasekhaya.
(4) I-HGU ilula kulawulo olukhulu kunye nolawulo lolondolozo.
I-HGU idla ngokuza nayoWiFi kwaye inezibuko le-USB.
2.3.Ii-SBUs
I-SBU isetyenziselwa ukufikelela kumsebenzisi we-FTTO, kwaye ngokubanzi ine-interface ye-Ethernet, kwaye ezinye iimodeli zine-interface ye-E1, i-interface ye-landline, okanye i-wifi function.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-SFU kunye ne-HGU, i-SBU inomsebenzi ongcono wokukhusela umbane kunye nokuzinza okuphezulu, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimeko zangaphandle ezifana nokucupha ividiyo.
3. ONUType
I-ONU yahlulwe yabaMDU(IYunithi yokuHlala abantu abaninzi, iyunithi yabahlali abaninzi) kunye ne-MTU (iYunithi yokuRenta abantu abaninzi, iyunithi eqesha abantu abaninzi).
I-MDU isetyenziselwa ukufikelela kubasebenzisi abaninzi beendawo zokuhlala phantsi kohlobo lwesicelo se-FTTB, kwaye ngokubanzi ine-interfaces ye-4 yecala lomsebenzisi, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye ne-8, 16, 24 FE okanye i-FE + POTS (umnxeba osisigxina) ujongano.
I-MTU isetyenziselwa ukufikelela kubasebenzisi abaninzi bamashishini okanye iitheminali ezininzi kwishishini elifanayo kwimeko yeFTTB.Ukongeza kwi-interface ye-Ethernet kunye ne-interface yefowuni esisigxina, inokuba nayo i-E1 interface;ubume kunye nomsebenzi we-MTU azifane zifane nezo ze-MDU.Umahluko, kodwa umsebenzi wokukhusela umbane ungcono kwaye uzinzo luphezulu.Ngokuthandwa kwe-FTTO, iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwe-MTU ziya ziba ncinci kwaye zincinci.
4. Isishwankathelo
Ukufikelela kwifiber ye-Broadband optical ikakhulu isebenzisa iteknoloji yePON.Xa uhlobo oluthile lwezixhobo zecala lomsebenzisi lungabonakali, izixhobo zecala lomsebenzisi ze-PON zingabizwa ngokudibeneyo njenge-ONU.
ONU, ONT, SFU, HGU…ezi izixhobo zonke zichaza izixhobo zecala lomsebenzisi zokufikelela kwi-broadband ukusuka kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo buboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-21-2023