1. Isishwankathelo
Wireless AP (Indawo yokuFikelela engenazingcingo), oko kukuthi, indawo yokufikelela kwi-wireless, isetyenziselwa ukutshintshwa kwe-wireless yenethiwekhi engenazintambo kwaye ingundoqo yenethiwekhi engenazintambo.I-Wireless AP yindawo yokufikelela kwizixhobo ezingenazintambo (ezifana neekhompyutha eziphathekayo, iitheminali eziphathwayo, njl. njl.) ukungena kwinethiwekhi enentambo.Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kumakhaya ebroadband, izakhiwo kunye neepaki, kwaye inokugubungela amashumi eemitha ukuya kumakhulu eemitha.
Wireless AP ligama uluhlu olubanzi iintsingiselo.Ayibandakanyi kuphela iindawo ezilula zokufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo (i-Wireless APs), kodwa kunye negama eliqhelekileyo kwii-router ezingenazintambo (kubandakanywa namasango angenazintambo, iibhulorho ezingenazintambo) kunye nezinye izixhobo.
I-Wireless AP sisicelo esiqhelekileyo sothungelwano lwendawo engenazingcingo.I-Wireless AP yibhulorho edibanisa inethiwekhi engenazingcingo kunye nenethiwekhi enentambo, kwaye sisixhobo esingundoqo sokuseka inethiwekhi yendawo engenazingcingo (WLAN).Inika umsebenzi wokufikelela okufanayo phakathi kwezixhobo ezingenazingcingo kunye neeLAN ezinengcingo.Ngoncedo lwee-APs ezingenazintambo, izixhobo ezingenazingcingo ngaphakathi kwe-signal coverage ye-wireless APs ziyakwazi ukunxibelelana.Ngaphandle kwee-APs ezingenazingcingo, akunakwenzeka ukwakha i-WLAN yokwenyani enokufikelela kwi-Intanethi..I-wireless AP kwi-WLAN ilingana nendima yesikhululo sesiseko sokudlulisa kwinethiwekhi yonxibelelwano lweselula.
Xa kuthelekiswa nolwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi enentambo, i-AP engenazingcingo kwinethiwekhi engenazingcingo ilingana ne-hub kwinethiwekhi enentambo.Iyakwazi ukuqhagamshela izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezingenazingcingo.Ikhadi lenethiwekhi elisetyenziswa sisixhobo esingenazingcingo likhadi lenethiwekhi engenazingcingo, kwaye indawo yothumelo ngumoya (i-electromagnetic wave).I-Wireless AP yindawo esembindini yeyunithi engenazingcingo, kwaye zonke izibonakaliso ezingenazingcingo kwiyunithi kufuneka zidlule kuyo ukuze zitshintshwe.
2. Imisebenzi
2.1 Qhagamshela ii-wireless kunye neengcingo
Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ye-AP ye-wireless kukudibanisa inethiwekhi engenazintambo kunye nenethiwekhi edibeneyo, kwaye ibonelele ngomsebenzi wokufikelela okufanayo phakathi kwesixhobo esingenazintambo kunye nenethiwekhi edibeneyo.Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 2.1-1.
Wireless AP idibanisa inethiwekhi ezineentambo kunye nezixhobo ezingenazingcingo
2.2 WDS
I-WDS (iNkqubo yokusabalalisa i-Wireless), oko kukuthi, inkqubo yokusabalalisa i-wireless hotspot, ngumsebenzi okhethekileyo kwi-wireless AP kunye ne-router engenazintambo.Ngumsebenzi osebenzayo kakhulu ukuqonda unxibelelwano phakathi kwezixhobo ezibini ezingenazingcingo.Ngokomzekelo, kukho abamelwane abathathu, kwaye indlu nganye ine-router engenazintambo okanye i-AP engenazintambo exhasa i-WDS, ukwenzela ukuba uphawu olungenazintambo lunokugutyungelwa yimizi emithathu ngexesha elifanayo, ukwenza unxibelelwano oluhlangeneyo lube lula ngakumbi.Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izixhobo ze-WDS ezixhaswa yi-router engenazintambo zilinganiselwe (ngokubanzi izixhobo ze-4-8 zinokuxhaswa), kunye nezixhobo ze-WDS zeempawu ezahlukeneyo zingahluleka ukudibanisa.
2.3 Imisebenzi ye-wireless AP
2.3.1 Udluliselo
Umsebenzi obalulekileyo we-AP engenazingcingo yi-relay.Into ebizwa ngokuba yi-relay kukukhulisa isignali engenazingcingo kanye phakathi kwamanqaku amabini angenazingcingo, ukuze isixhobo esikude sifumane isignali eyomeleleyo engenazingcingo.Umzekelo, i-AP ibekwe kwindawo a, kwaye kukho isixhobo esingenazingcingo kwindawo c.Kukho umgama oziimitha ezili-120 phakathi kwenqaku a kunye nenqaku c.Ukuhanjiswa kophawu olungenazingcingo ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwindawo c kuye kwaba buthathaka kakhulu, ngoko ke inokuba yi-60 yeemitha kude.Beka i-AP engenazingcingo njenge-relay kwindawo b, ukwenzela ukuba isignali engenazintambo kwindawo c inokuphuculwa ngokufanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa isantya sothumelo kunye nokuzinza kwesignali engenazintambo.
2.3.2 Ukuvala
Umsebenzi obalulekileyo we-AP engenazingcingo kukubhulabhula.Ukuqhawula kukudibanisa ii-endpoints ze-AP ezimbini ezingenazingcingo ukuqonda ukuhanjiswa kwedatha phakathi kwee-AP ezimbini ezingenazingcingo.Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba ufuna ukuqhagamshela iiLAN ezimbini ezineentambo, ungakhetha ukubhuloka nge-AP engenazingcingo.Ngokomzekelo, kwindawo a kukho i-LAN enentambo eyenziwe ngeekhompyutha ezili-15, kwaye kwindawo b kukho i-LAN enentambo eyenziwe ngeekhompyutha ezingama-25, kodwa umgama phakathi kwamanqaku ab kunye ne-ab ukude kakhulu, udlula i-100 yeemitha, ngoko akunjalo. ifanelekile ukudibanisa ngentambo.Ngeli xesha, unokuseta i-AP engenazingcingo kwindawo a kunye nenqaku b ngokulandelelanayo, kwaye uvule umsebenzi wokuvalwa kwe-wireless AP, ukuze i-LANs kumanqaku ab kunye ne-ab inokudlulisa idatha komnye nomnye.
2.3.3 Imowudi yobukhoboka
Omnye umsebenzi we-wireless AP yi "master-slave mode".I-wireless AP esebenza kule modi iya kuthathwa njengomthengi ongenazintambo (ofana nekhadi lenethiwekhi engenazintambo okanye imodyuli engenazintambo) yi-master wireless AP okanye i-router engenazintambo.Kukulungele ukulawulwa kwenethiwekhi yokulawula i-sub-network kunye nokuqonda i-point-to-multipoint uxhumano (i-router engenazintambo okanye i-AP engundoqo engenazintambo inqaku elinye, kwaye umxhasi we-AP engenazintambo zininzi).Umsebenzi we "master-slave mode" udla ngokusetyenziswa kwimiba yoqhagamshelo lwe-wireless LAN kunye ne-LAN enengcingo.Umzekelo, inqaku a yi-LAN enentambo eyenziwe ngeekhompyuter ezingama-20, kwaye inqaku b yi-LAN engenazingcingo eyenziwe ngeekhompyuter ezili-15.Inqaku b sele Kukho irutha engenazingcingo.Ukuba inqaku a lifuna ukufikelela kwindawo b, unokongeza i-AP engenangcingo kwindawo a, uqhagamshele i-AP engenazingcingo kwiswitshi kwindawo a, uze uvule “imowudi ye-master-slave” ye-wireless AP kunye noqhagamshelo olungenazingcingo kwi. inqaku b.I-router ixhunyiwe, kwaye ngeli xesha zonke iikhomputha kwinqanaba a zinokudibanisa kwiikhomputha kwindawo b.
3. Umahluko phakathi Wireless AP kunye Wireless Router
3.1 Wireless AP
I-Wireless AP, oko kukuthi, indawo yokufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo, yinto nje yokutshintsha ngaphandle kwamacingo kwinethiwekhi engenazingcingo.Yindawo yofikelelo kubasebenzisi beterminal ephathwayo ukuba bangene kwinethiwekhi eneengcingo.Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-Broadband yasekhaya kunye nokusasazwa kwenethiwekhi yangaphakathi yeshishini.Umgama wokugubungela ngaphandle kwamacingo ngaMashumi eemitha ukuya kumakhulu eemitha, iteknoloji ephambili yi-802.11X series.Ii-AP ngokubanzi ezingenazingcingo zinendawo yokufikelela kwindawo yomxhasi, okuthetha ukuba amakhonkco angenazingcingo angenziwa phakathi kwee-APs, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukhuselo lwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo.
Ekubeni i-AP ye-wireless elula ayinayo umsebenzi wokuhamba, ilingana ne-wireless switch kwaye inikezela kuphela umsebenzi wokuhanjiswa kwesignali engenacingo.Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza kukufumana isignali yenethiwekhi ehanjiswe yibini ephothiweyo, kwaye emva kokuqulunqwa kwe-AP engenazintambo, ukuguqula umbane wombane ube ngumqondiso werediyo kwaye uyithumele ukuba wenze ukugubungela inethiwekhi engenazintambo.
3.2Wireless Router
I-wireless AP eyandisiweyo yinto esihlala siyibiza ngokuba yi-router engenazingcingo.Irutha engenazingcingo, njengoko negama layo lisitsho, yirutha enomsebenzi wokugubungela okungenazingcingo, esetyenziswa ikakhulu kubasebenzisi ukusefa kwi-Intanethi kunye nokugubungela ngaphandle kwamacingo.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-AP ye-wireless elula, i-router engenazintambo inokuqonda ukwabelana nge-Intanethi kwinethiwekhi ye-wireless yasekhaya ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi wokuthungatha, kwaye inokuqonda ukufikelela okwabelwana ngayo ngaphandle kwamacingo kwe-ADSL kunye ne-broadband yoluntu.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba ii-terminals ezingenazintambo kunye neentambo zingabelwa kwi-subnet ngokusebenzisa i-router engenazintambo, ukwenzela ukuba izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwi-subnet zitshintshe idatha ngokufanelekileyo.
3.3 Isishwankathelo
Ngesishwankathelo esifutshane, i-AP elula engenazintambo ilingana ne-wireless switch;i-wireless router (i-AP eyandisiweyo engenazintambo) ilingana "ne-wireless AP + umsebenzi we-router".Ngokweemeko zokusetyenziswa, ukuba ikhaya sele liqhagamshelwe kwi-Intanethi kwaye lifuna nje ukubonelela ukufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo, ngoko ukukhetha i-AP engenazingcingo kwanele;kodwa ukuba ikhaya alikaqhagamshelwa kwi-Intanethi, kufuneka siqhagamshele kwi-Intanethi umsebenzi wokufikelela okungenazintambo, ngoko kufuneka ukhethe umzila ongenazintambo ngeli xesha.
Ukongeza, ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga, ezi zimbini ziyafana ngobude, kwaye akulula ukuzihlula.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ujongisisa, usenokuwubona umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini: oko kukuthi, ujongano lwazo lwahlukile.(Uhlobo olulula) i-wireless AP ngokuqhelekileyo ine-intanethi ye-RJ45 yenethiwekhi, i-port yonikezelo lwamandla, i-port yoqwalaselo (i-USB port okanye uqwalaselo nge-interface ye-WEB), kunye nezibane ezimbalwa zesalathisi;ngelixa i-wireless i-wireless inezibuko ezine ezineentambo zothungelwano, ngaphandle kwe-WAN enye izibuko isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kwisixhobo sothungelwano oluphezulu, kunye nezibuko ezine ze-LAN zinokutsalwa ukuba ziqhagamshelane neekhompyutha kwi-intranet, kwaye kukho izibane zesalathisi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-19-2023