Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngefayibha Ebonakalayo: Imibuzo neempendulo ezikhawulezayo
Njengoluhlu lwemveliso oluphambili, i-optical fiber ibandakanya ulwazi olubanzi lobuchwephesha. Eli nqaku libonisa ezinye iingcamango eziphambili kwifomathi ye-Q&A ekhawulezayo ukuze kube lula ukubhekisela kuyo.
1. Ziziphi iiparameter ezisisiseko ezisetyenziselwa ukuchaza iimpawu zokudluliselwa kwekhonkco lefayibha ye-optical?
Impendulo:Iiparameter eziphambili ziquka ukuncitshiswa, ukusasazeka, i-bandwidth, ubude be-cutoff, kunye nobubanzi be-mode field (MFD).
2. Yintoni ebangela ukuncitshiswa kwefayibha ye-optical?
Impendulo:Ukuncitshiswa kwe-optical fiber kubhekisa ekunciphiseni amandla okukhanya phakathi kwamacandelo amabini anqamlezileyo e-fiber kwaye kuyahluka ngokwe-wavelength. Izizathu eziphambili kukusasazwa, ukufunxwa, kunye nokulahleka kwe-optical okubangelwa zizihlanganisi kunye nee-splices.
3. Ichazwa njani i-attenuation coefficient ye-optical fiber?
Impendulo:Ichazwa njengokunciphisa ubude beyunithi nganye yefayibha ye-optical efanayo phantsi kweemeko ezizinzileyo, ezihlala zibonakaliswa kwi-dB/km.
4. Ziziphi izinto ezibangela ingxolo kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano lwefayibha ye-optical?
Impendulo:Imithombo yengxolo iquka:
- Ingxolo ebangelwa kukungabikho komlinganiselo wokutshabalala
- Ukuguquguquka kobunzulu bokukhanya okungacwangciswanga
- Ingxolo yokujika kwexesha
- Ingxolo yokudubula kunye nengxolo yobushushu kwi-receiver
- Ingxolo yeModal kwifayibha
- Ingxolo evela ekukhuleni kwentliziyo okubangelwa kukusasazeka
- Ingxolo yokwahlulahlula imo kwiidiode zelaser (iiLD)
- Ingxolo yokutshixiza rhoqo kwi-LDs
- Ingxolo ebangelwa kukucamngca
5. Yintoni i-bandwidth ye-optical fiber enxulumene nayo?
Impendulo:I-bandwidth yefayibha ibhekisa kwi-frequency ye-modulation apho i-amplitude yamandla okukhanya yehla nge-50% (okanye i-3 dB) ukusuka kwixabiso layo le-zero-frequency kumsebenzi wokudlulisa ifayibha. I-bandwidth yefayibha iphantse ilingane nobude befayibha, kwaye imveliso yobude be-bandwidth ihlala ingaguquki.
Umzekelo weMveliso: Intambo yePatch yeFiber Patch ye-LC ukuya kwi-SC Duplex OM3 50/125 Multimode, iJacket ye-LSZH
6. Zingaphi iintlobo ze-fiber dispersion ezikhoyo, kwaye zinxulumene nantoni?
Impendulo:Ukusasazwa kwefayibha kuquka:
- Ukusasazwa kweModal
- Ukusasazeka kwezinto
- Ukusasazwa kwe-waveguide (yesakhiwo)
Ukusasazeka kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomthombo we-optical kunye nefayibha ngokwayo.
7. Iimpawu zokusasazeka kwemiqondiso esasazeka kwi-optical fiber zingachazwa njani?
Impendulo:Zingachazwa kusetyenziswa iiparameter ezintathu zomzimba:
- Ukwandiswa kwepulse
- Ibhendi yefayibha
- I-coefficient yokusasazeka
8. Ithini ubude bomda womda onqunyulwayo?
Impendulo:I-cutoff wavelength yeyona wavelength imfutshane apho kuphela i-basic mode enokusasaza kwi-fiber. Kwi-single-mode fibers, i-cutoff wavelength kufuneka ibe mfutshane kune-operating wavelength.
9. Ukusasazwa kwefayibha kuyichaphazela njani indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yonxibelelwano?
Impendulo:Ukusasazeka kubangela ukuba iipulses ze-optical zande ngexesha lokudluliselwa, okuchaphazela:
- Izinga lempazamo yeBit (BER)
- Umgama wokudluliselwa
- Isantya sokudluliselwa kwenkqubo
10. Yintoni indlela yokusasaza emva?
Impendulo:Indlela yokusasaza emva ilinganisa ukuncitshiswa kobude befayibha. Nangona uninzi lwamandla okukhanya luhamba phambili, inxalenye encinci isasazeke ngasemva isiya kwi-transmitter. Ngokujonga isignali esasazeke emva kwexesha, kunokwenzeka ukulinganisa:
- Ubude befayibha
- Ukuncitshiswa kwefayibha
- Izitenxo zasekuhlaleni
- Amanqaku okuphuka
- Ilahleko kwi-splices nakwi-connectors
Umzekelo weMveliso: I-MPO 24-Pin ukuya kwi-3×MPO 8-Pin OM4 50/125μm Multimode Fiber Cable, i-LSZH Jacket, i-Aqua
11. Yintoni indawo efileyo ye-OTDR, kwaye ichaphazela njani uvavanyo?
Impendulo:I-OTDR (i-Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) isebenzisa ukukhanya okubanzi okuveliswa ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwe-optical ukuze ifumane ulwazi lokuncitshiswa kwe-attenuation. Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuncitshiswa kwe-fiber, ukulahleka kwe-splice, indawo yempazamo, kunye nokusasazwa kwelahleko kwikhonkco le-fiber.
Iiparameter zokusebenza ze-OTDR eziphambili ziquka:
- Uluhlu olutshintshayo
- Uvelwano
- Isisombululo
- Ixesha lokulinganisa
- Indawo efileyo
Indawo efileyo yindawo elandela emva kwesiganeko sokubonakalisa esinamandla apho i-OTDR ingenako ukubona okanye ukusombulula ngokuchanekileyo iziganeko ezilandelayo. Kuvavanyo olusebenzayo, iifayibha zokuqalisa kunye neefayibha zokwamkela zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa impembelelo yeendawo ezifileyo.
12. Iifayibha ze-optical zihlulwe njani ngokwe-refractive index distribution?
Impendulo:Iifayibha ze-Optical zahlulwe zibe:
- Iifayibha ze-Step-index
- Iifayibha ze-graded-index
Iifayibha ze-Step-index zine-bandwidth encinci kwaye zifanelekile kunxibelelwano olunomthamo omncinci nolukude. Iifayibha ze-graded-index zibonelela nge-bandwidth ebanzi kwaye zifanelekile kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezinomthamo ophakathi nophezulu.
13. Iifayibha ze-optical zahlulwe njani ngokweendlela zokudlulisela?
Impendulo:Iifayibha zahlulwe zibe:
Ifayibha yeMowudi enye (i-SMF)
- Ububanzi bentloko: malunga ne-1–10 μm
- Ixhasa kuphela indlela esisiseko
- Ifanelekile ukudluliselwa komgama omde nomthamo ophezulu
I-Multimode Fiber (MMF)
- Ububanzi bentloko: malunga ne-50–60 μm
- Ixhasa iindlela ezininzi zokusasaza
- Ukusebenza kothumelo oluphantsi kune-SMF
Kwiinkqubo zokukhusela zamandla ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzisa imijelo yokukhusela ene-multiplexed, imicu ye-multimode idla ngokusetyenziswa phakathi kwezixhobo zokuguqula i-photoelectric kwigumbi lonxibelelwano kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela kwigumbi lolawulo.
14. Ibaluleke ngantoni i-Numerical Aperture (NA) ye-step-index fiber?
Impendulo:I-Numerical Aperture (NA) ibonisa amandla okuqokelela ukukhanya efayibha. Okukhona i-NA inkulu, kokukhona amandla efayibha okuqokelela ukukhanya okungenayo eqinileyo.
15. Yintoni i-birefringence kwi-single-mode optical fibers?
Impendulo:Iifayibha zemowudi enye zixhasa iindlela ezimbini ze-orthogonal polarization. Ukuba ifayibha ayilingani ngokugqibeleleyo nge-cylindrical, iindlela ezimbini ze-polarization ziya kuba ne-refractive indices ezahlukeneyo. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi indices ze-refractive waziwa ngokuba yi-birefringence.
Umzekelo weMveliso: Intambo ye-OM5 50/125 ye-Multimode Fiber Optic, i-Dual LC ukuya kwi-Dual LC, i-5 m, i-OFNR Zipcord Jacket
16. Zithini iintsilelo zokugoba kwiintambo ze-optical?
Impendulo:Irediyasi yokugoba kufuneka ibe:
- KungconoIzihlandlo ezingama-20ububanzi bangaphandle bentambo phantsi kweemeko ezingashukumiyo
- KungconoIzihlandlo ezingama-30ububanzi bangaphandle bentambo ngexesha lokufakelwa okanye ukuhamba
17. Yintoni ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwiiprojekthi zekhebula le-ADSS optical?
Impendulo:Izinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo zobugcisa ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe zezi:
- Uyilo lwe-optical cable ngoomatshini
- Ukumiselwa kwamanqaku okumiswa
- Ukukhethwa kunye nokufakelwa kwezinto zokufakelwa kwezixhobo ezifanayo
18. Zeziphi iiparameter ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza kwezihlanganisi ze-fiber optic?
Impendulo:Izihlanganisi ze-Fiber optic (ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba zizihlanganisi ze-patch) zivavanywa ikakhulu yi:
- Ukulahleka Kokufakwa (IL)
- Ilahleko yokubuyisela (RL)
19. Yintoni ilahleko yokufakwa kwisixhumi se-fiber optic?
Impendulo:Ukulahleka kokufakwa kubhekisa ekunciphiseni kwamandla adluliselwayo asebenzayo okubangelwa kukungenisa isixhumi kwindlela yokukhanya. Ukulahleka kokufakwa okuphantsi kuyathandwa. Ngokweengcebiso ze-ITU-T, ukulahleka kokufakwa akufuneki kudlule0.5 dB.
20. Yintoni ilahleko yokubuya (ukuncitshiswa kokukhanya) kwisixhumi se-fiber optic?
Impendulo:Ilahleko yokubuyisa ilinganisa ubungakanani bamandla okukhanya abonakalayo abuya ngetshaneli yokufaka ngenxa yokubonakaliswa kwesixhumi. Ilahleko yokubuyisa ephezulu ibonisa ukusebenza okungcono, ngexabiso eliqhelekileyo le25 dB okanye ngaphezulu.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-04-2026