Kweli xesha lophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwe-intanethi, itekhnoloji yokufikelela kwifiber optic ingene kuyo yonke inkalo yobomi bethu. Uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi oluzinzileyo nolunesantya esiphezulu lubalulekile nokuba uyakonwabela ukubukela iinkqubo zeTV, udlala imidlalo ekhaya, okanye uqhuba ngokufanelekileyo amashishini ahlukeneyo kwishishini. Phakathi kweetekhnoloji ezininzi zokufikelela kwifiber optic, i-EPON kunye neGPON ngokungathandabuzekiyo zezona zibalaseleyo. Namhlanje, makhe sijonge umahluko phakathi kwezi teknoloji zimbini kunye.
Imvelaphi yeTekhnoloji kunye neProtocol esemgangathweni
EPON, Inethiwekhi ye-Ethernet passive optical iphuhliswa ngokusekelwe kwi-teknoloji ye-Ethernet. Ilandela umgangatho we-IEEE 802.3ah. Lo mgangatho useka uxhulumaniso lwendalo kunye nolusondeleyo phakathi kwe-EPON kunye ne-Ethernet, njengoko ithatha ngokuthe ngqo ifomathi yefreyimu ye-Ethernet, njengokubeka i-Ethernet "kwingubo" yokufikelela kwifiber optic. Kwabo sele beqhelene nobuchwepheshe be-Ethernet, ukugcinwa kwezixhobo ze-EPON, ulawulo lwenethiwekhi, kunye neminye imisebenzi ifana nokusebenza kwintsimi eqhelekileyo, kulula ukufunda kwaye kulula ukuyiqonda. Ngokomzekelo, kwinethiwekhi ye-campus esele ibeke ngokubanzi imigca ye-Ethernet, ukuba ukuphuculwa kokufikelela kwi-fiber optic kuyadingeka, iteknoloji ye-EPON inokufikelela ngokulula ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kunye nezixhobo ze-Ethernet ezikhoyo.
GPON, Umgangatho we-Gigabit Passive Optical Networks yi-ITU-T G.984 series. Yamkela iprotocol ye-encapsulation eyinkimbinkimbi kunye neyinkimbinkimbi - i-GEM (i-GPON Encapsulation Method). I-GEM ifana “nebhokisi yokugcina” ekrelekrele ekwazi ukuququzelela ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ipakishe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqukuqela kweshishini. Oku kwenza i-GPON iqhube kakuhle kakhulu ekuphatheni ishishini, nokuba ziifowuni zelizwi, ukuhanjiswa kwedatha enkulu, okanye ukudlala ividiyo enenkcazo ephezulu, iGPON inokuphendula ngokulula kwaye iziphathe ngokulula. Kwinethiwekhi yokufikelela kwinkonzo edibeneyo enika abasebenzisi ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi, i-IPTV kunye neenkonzo zeVoIP ngexesha elifanayo, i-GPON inokulawula kwaye idlulise ezi ntlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkonzo zokuhamba ngendlela ehlelekile ngenxa yezakhono zayo zokulungelelanisa inkonzo enamandla, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkonzo nganye inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo nangempumelelo.
Isantya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-bandwidth
Imilinganiselo ye-uplink kunye ne-downlink ye-EPON ngokuqhelekileyo i-symmetrical, kunye nesantya esiqhelekileyo se-1.25Gbps. Nangona kunjalo, kweyona nkqubo yothumelo lwenethiwekhi, ngenxa yendalo engaphezulu yezakhelo ze-Ethernet, njengolwazi olwahlukeneyo lolawulo oluqhutywa ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kwesakhelo, nangona ezi nkcukacha zibalulekile kuthumelo oluchanekileyo kunye nokusetyenzwa kwedatha, zikwathatha izibonelelo ezithile ze-bandwidth, okukhokelela elona bhanwidth esebenzayo esetyenziselwa ukuhambisa idatha yomsebenzisi ingaphantsi kancinane kune-1.25Gbps.
I-GPON ibalasele ngakumbi ngokwesantya, kunye nesantya se-downlink ukuya kwi-2.488Gbps kunye ne-uplink speed ye-1.244Gbps okanye i-2.488Gbps. I-GPON ithatha ubude besakhelo se-125 μs kwaye ixhotyiswe nge-algorithm yolwabiwo lwe-bandwidth esebenzayo. Kufana nohola wendlela, i-GPON ayigcini nje ukwandisa iindlela, kodwa iphinda ikhulise imithetho yokuthunyelwa kwezithuthi, ivumela izithuthi (idatha) ukuba zihambe kakuhle kwaye ngokufanelekileyo. Ngale ndlela, i-GPON ingcono kakhulu kune-EPON ekusebenzeni kwe-bandwidth kwaye inokudlulisa idatha eninzi ngexesha elifanayo.
Umlinganiselo weSpectral
Umlinganiselo wokwahlula sisalathisi esibalulekileyo sokulinganisa umthamo wokugquma wefiber optic yofikelelo lweteknoloji kunye nenani labasebenzisi abathwalwayo. Ibhekiselele kumyinge weeyunithi zothungelwano lwamehlo (ONUs) apho i-terminal ye-optical line (OLT) inokunxibelelana nayo.
Umlinganiselo wokwahlula we-EPON ngokubanzi ngu-1:32, kwaye ngokulungiswa okukhethekileyo, inokufikelela kwi-1:64. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwinethiwekhi ye-EPON, ifowuni enye ye-OLT inokudibanisa ukuya kwi-32, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, i-terminals ye-ONU ye-64. Ngokomzekelo, ekwakhiweni kokufikelela kwi-fiber optic kwindawo yokuhlala, ukuba iteknoloji ye-EPON isetyenzisiwe kwaye umlinganiselo wokuhlukana ngu-1: 32, ngoko ke isixhobo esinye se-OLT sinokubonelela kuphela ngeenkonzo zokufikelela kwinethiwekhi ukuya kumakhaya angama-32.
I-GPON inenzuzo enkulu ngokubhekiselele kumlinganiselo wokwahlula, kunye nomlinganiselo wokwahlula ukuya kwi-1: 64, kwaye nakwezinye iindawo zenethiwekhi ezicwangcisiweyo kunye nezilungisiweyo, zinokufikelela kwi-1:128. Umlinganiselo omkhulu wokwahlula wenza i-GPON isebenze ngcono ngokubhekiselele kuluhlu lokugubungela kunye nenani labasebenzisi abaxhunyiwe. Ukuthatha imimandla yasemaphandleni njengomzekelo, ngenxa yommandla wabo omkhulu wejografi kunye nokusasazwa komsebenzisi ngokuthe ngcembe, ukuba iteknoloji yeGPON yamkelwa, isebenzisa iimpawu zayo eziphezulu ze-optical ratio, enye idivayisi ye-OLT inokubonelela ngeenkonzo kubasebenzisi abaninzi, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zotyalo-mali zezixhobo kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima bokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi kunye nokugcinwa.
Iindleko zezixhobo kunye nokuhambelana
Izixhobo ze-EPON zineenzuzo ezithile zeendleko ngenxa yokuthembela kwazo kubuchwepheshe be-Ethernet obudala. Iindleko zayo zezixhobo ziphantsi, nto leyo enomtsalane kakhulu kwiiprojekthi zokwakha zenethiwekhi ezinohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselweyo kunye novakalelo kwiindleko. Ngokomzekelo, kulwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi kwamanye amashishini amancinci okanye iiprojekthi zokulungiswa kwenethiwekhi yeendawo zokuhlala ezindala, ngenxa yeemali ezilinganiselweyo, inzuzo ephantsi yeendleko ze-EPON ingabonakaliswa ngokupheleleyo. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yokuhambelana okugqwesileyo phakathi kwe-EPON kunye ne-Ethernet, izixhobo ze-EPON zinokudibanisa ngokulula kunye nezixhobo zenethiwekhi ezikhoyo kwindawo apho i-Ethernet isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokutshintshwa kwezixhobo ezinkulu, ukunciphisa ngakumbi iindleko zokuphucula inethiwekhi.
Izixhobo zeGPON, ngenxa yetekhnoloji entsonkothileyo, zinophando oluphezulu kunye neendleko zemveliso kumacandelo aphambili afana neetshiphusi, okukhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zezixhobo zizonke. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo ze-GPON, kunye nokusebenza kwazo okunamandla kunye nobuchule benkxaso yoshishino olutyebileyo, zibonise ixabiso elikhethekileyo kwezinye iimeko ezifuna ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi ephezulu kakhulu kunye nokwahlukana kwezoshishino. Ngokomzekelo, kwiikhompleksi ezinkulu zorhwebo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ngaxeshanye ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokufikelela kwinethiwekhi yesantya esiphezulu inani elikhulu labarhwebi, ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zenethiwekhi ezingenazintambo ezizinzileyo kubathengi, kunye nokufezekisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yoshishino njengolawulo lwezakhiwo ezikrelekrele. Izixhobo zeGPON zinokubonelela ngenkxaso ethembekileyo kwezi mfuno zoshishino ezinzima kunye nokusebenza kwazo okugqwesileyo kunye nokuguquguquka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-17-2025