EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network)
Inethiwekhi ye-Ethernet ye-passive optical yitekhnoloji yePON esekwe kwi-Ethernet. Yamkela inqaku kwisakhiwo se-multipoint kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-fiber optic, ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezininzi nge-Ethernet. Itekhnoloji ye-EPON ibekwe emgangathweni liqela elisebenzayo le-IEEE802.3 EFM. NgoJuni 2004, iqela elisebenzayo le-IEEE802.3EFM likhuphe umgangatho we-EPON - IEEE802.3ah (idityaniswe kumgangatho we-IEEE802.3-2005 ngo-2005).
Kulo mgangatho, ubuchwephesha be-Ethernet kunye ne-PON zidibaniswe, kunye ne-PON iteknoloji esetyenziswe kumgca wenyama kunye ne-Ethernet protocol esetyenziswe kwi-data link layer, isebenzisa i-topology ye-PON ukufikelela kwi-Ethernet. Ngoko ke, idibanisa iingenelo zeteknoloji yePON kunye neteknoloji ye-Ethernet: ixabiso eliphantsi, i-bandwidth ephezulu, i-scalability eyomeleleyo, ukuhambelana ne-Ethernet ekhoyo, ulawulo olufanelekileyo, njl.
GPON(Gigabit-Ekwaziyo iPON)
Itekhnoloji sisizukulwana samva nje se-broadband passive optical edibeneyo yokufikelela umgangatho osekelwe kwi-ITU-TG.984. x umgangatho, oneenzuzo ezininzi ezinje nge-bandwidth ephezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, indawo yokhuselo enkulu, kunye nojongano olutyebileyo lomsebenzisi. Ithathwa ngabasebenzisi abaninzi njengobuchwephesha obufanelekileyo bokufikelela kwi-broadband kunye nenguqu ebanzi yokufikelela kwiinkonzo zenethiwekhi. I-GPON yaqala ukucetywa ngumbutho we-FSAN ngoSeptemba 2002. Ngokusekelwe kule nto, i-ITU-T yagqiba ukuphuhliswa kwe-ITU-T G.984.1 kunye ne-G.984.2 ngo-Matshi 2003, kunye nomgangatho we-G.984.3 ngoFebruwari nangoJuni 2004. Ngaloo ndlela, usapho olusemgangathweni lwe-GPON lwagqitywa.
Itekhnoloji yeGPON yavela kumgangatho wetekhnoloji ye-ATMPON eyathi yaqulunqwa ngokuthe ngcembe ngo-1995, kwaye i-PON imele "i-Passive Optical Network" ngesiNgesi. I-GPON (i-Gigabit Capable Passive Optical Network) yacetywa kuqala ngumbutho we-FSAN ngoSeptemba 2002. Ngokusekelwe kule nto, i-ITU-T yagqiba ukuphuhliswa kwe-ITU-T G.984.1 kunye ne-G.984.2 ngo-Matshi 2003, kunye ne-G.984.3 esemgangathweni NgoFebruwari nangoJuni 2004. Ngaloo ndlela, intsapho eqhelekileyo ye-GPON yagqitywa. Isakhiwo esisisiseko sezixhobo ezisekelwe kwi-teknoloji ye-GPON ifana ne-PON ekhoyo, equka i-OLT (i-Optical Line Terminal) kwi-ofisi ephakathi, i-ONT / ONU (i-Optical Network Terminal okanye i-Optical Network Unit) ekupheleni komsebenzisi, i-ODN (i-Optical Distribution Network ) eyenziwe ngefiber yemodi enye (i-SM fiber) kunye ne-passive splitter, kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lwenethiwekhi edibanisa izixhobo ezimbini zokuqala.
Umahluko phakathi kweEPON kunye neGPON
I-GPON isebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) ukwenzela ukuba ukulayisha kunye nokukhuphela ngaxeshanye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-1490nm ye-optical carrier isetyenziselwa ukukhuphela, ngelixa i-1310nm ye-optical carrier ikhethiwe ukuba ifakwe. Ukuba iimpawu ze-TV zifuna ukusasazwa, i-1550nm optical carrier iya kusetyenziswa nayo. Nangona i-ONU nganye inokufezekisa isantya sokukhuphela i-2.488 Gbits / s, i-GPON iphinda isebenzise i-Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) ukunika ixesha elithile lexesha lomsebenzisi ngamnye kwisignali yexesha.
Izinga eliphezulu lokukhuphela i-XGPON lifikelela kwi-10Gbits / s, kwaye izinga lokulayisha kwakhona li-2.5Gbit / s. Ikwasebenzisa iteknoloji ye-WDM, kunye ne-wavelengths yabathwali be-optical optical and downstream yi-1270nm kunye ne-1577nm, ngokulandelanayo.
Ngenxa yokunyuka kwesantya sothumelo, ii-ONU ezininzi zinokuhlulwa ngokwefomathi yedatha efanayo, kunye nomgama ophezulu wokugubungela ukuya kwi-20km. Nangona i-XGPON ingekamkelwa ngokubanzi okwangoku, ibonelela ngendlela elungileyo yophuculo lwabaqhubi bonxibelelwano lwamehlo.
I-EPON ihambelana ngokupheleleyo neminye imigangatho ye-Ethernet, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokuguqulwa okanye i-encapsulation xa ixhunywe kwiinethiwekhi ezisekelwe kwi-Ethernet, kunye nomthwalo ophezulu wokuhlawula i-1518 bytes. I-EPON ayifuni indlela yokufikelela kwi-CSMA/CD kwiinguqulelo ezithile ze-Ethernet. Ukongeza, njengoko ukuhanjiswa kwe-Ethernet yeyona ndlela iphambili yokuhanjiswa kwenethiwekhi yendawo, akukho mfuneko yokuguqulwa kweprotocol yenethiwekhi ngexesha lophuculo kwinethiwekhi yendawo yemetropolitan.
Kukwakho ne-10 Gbit/s Ethernet version echongwe njenge-802.3av. Isantya sangempela somgca yi-10.3125 Gbits / s. Imodi ephambili yi-10 Gbits / s uplink kunye ne-downlink rate, kunye nabanye basebenzisa i-10 Gbits / s downlink kunye ne-1 Gbit / s uplink.
Inguqulo ye-Gbit / s isebenzisa i-wavelengths eyahlukileyo ye-optical kwifiber, kunye ne-wavelength esezantsi ye-1575-1580nm kunye ne-wavelength enyukayo ye-1260-1280nm. Ke ngoko, inkqubo ye-Gbit/s ye-10 kunye nenkqubo eqhelekileyo ye-1Gbit/s inokuphinda iphindwe kwi-wavelength kwifiber efanayo.
Ukudityaniswa komdlalo kathathu
Ukudityaniswa kothungelwano oluthathu kuthetha ukuba kwinkqubo yendaleko ukusuka kuthungelwano lonxibelelwano, unomathotholo nomabonwakude, kunye ne-Intanethi ukuya kuthungelwano olubanzi lonxibelelwano, uthungelwano lukamabonakude wedijithali, kunye nesizukulwana esilandelayo se-Intanethi, ezothungelwano zintathu, ngotshintsho lobugcisa, zikholisa ukuba imisebenzi efanayo yobugcisa, umda weshishini elifanayo, uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi, ukwabelana ngezibonelelo, kwaye unokubonelela abasebenzisi ngelizwi, idatha, irediyo kunye nomabonwakude kunye nezinye iinkonzo. Ukudityaniswa kathathu akuthethi ukudityaniswa ngokomzimba kothungelwano oluthathu oluphambili, kodwa ikakhulu kubhekiselele ekudityanisweni kwezicelo zoshishino olukwinqanaba eliphezulu.
Ukudityaniswa kothungelwano oluthathu lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokuthuthwa okukrelekrele, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, umsebenzi karhulumente, ukhuseleko loluntu, kunye namakhaya akhuselekileyo. Kwixesha elizayo, iiselfowuni ziyakwazi ukubukela i-TV nokusefa kwi-intanethi, i-TV inokufowuna ize ingene kwi-intanethi, kwaye iikhompyutha zinokufowuna nokubukela i-TV.
Ukudityaniswa kwamanethiwekhi amathathu kunokuhlalutywa ngokwengqiqo kwiimbono kunye namanqanaba ahlukeneyo, okubandakanya ukudityaniswa kweteknoloji, ukudibanisa ishishini, ukudityaniswa kweshishini, ukudibanisa i-terminal, kunye nokudibanisa inethiwekhi.
Itekhnoloji yeBroadband
Umzimba ophambili wetekhnoloji yebroadband yitekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lwefiber optic. Enye yeenjongo zokudityaniswa kwenethiwekhi kukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezidityanisiweyo ngenethiwekhi. Ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezidibeneyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ube neqonga lenethiwekhi elinokuxhasa ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ezahlukeneyo zemultimedia (imidiya yokusasaza) ezifana neaudio kunye nevidiyo.
Iimpawu zala mashishini zimfuno eziphezulu zeshishini, umthamo omkhulu wedatha, kunye neemfuno zomgangatho wenkonzo ephezulu, ngoko ke ngokubanzi zifuna i-bandwidth enkulu kakhulu ngexesha lokuhanjiswa. Ngaphezu koko, ngokwembono yezoqoqosho, iindleko akufanele zibe phezulu kakhulu. Ngale ndlela, ubuchwephesha obuphezulu kunye nozinzo lwefiber optic yonxibelelwano lube lolona khetho lulungileyo losasazo losasazo. Uphuhliso lobuchwephesha bebroadband, ngakumbi itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lwamehlo, ibonelela nge-bandwidth eyimfuneko, umgangatho wothumelo, kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokuhambisa ulwazi olwahlukeneyo lweshishini.
Njengentsika yetekhnoloji kwicandelo lonxibelelwano lwangoku, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lwamehlo iphuhla ngesantya sokukhula ngokuphindwe ka-100 rhoqo kwiminyaka eli-10. Ukuhanjiswa kweFiber optic enomthamo omkhulu lelona qonga lifanelekileyo lothumelo "lothungelwano oluthathu" kunye noyena mntu uphetheyo wendlela yolwazi yekamva. Itekhnoloji enkulu yonxibelelwano lwefiber optic isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kuthungelwano lwezonxibelelwano, uthungelwano lwekhompyuter, kunye nosasazo kunye nothungelwano lukamabonakude.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-12-2024