Ukusukela oko i-IPTV yangena kwimarike ngo-1999, izinga lokukhula liye landa kancinci kancinci. Kulindeleke ukuba abasebenzisi be-IPTV behlabathi bafikelele ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-26 ngo-2008, kwaye izinga lokukhula konyaka labasebenzisi be-IPTV eTshayina ukususela ngo-2003 ukuya ku-2008 lifikelele kwi-245%.
Ngokwengxelo yophando, ikhilomitha yokugqibela yeI-IPTVUkufikelela kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwimowudi yokufikelela kwikhebula le-DSL, ngokwe-bandwidth kunye nozinzo kunye nezinye izinto, i-IPTV kukhuphiswano neTV eqhelekileyo ikwimeko embi, kwaye indlela yokufikelela kwikhebula yokwakha ixabiso liphezulu, umjikelo mde, kwaye unzima. Ke ngoko, indlela yokusombulula ingxaki yokufikelela kwi-IPTV engapheliyo ibaluleke kakhulu.
I-WiMAX (iWorldwideInteroper-abilityforMicrowave Access) yiteknoloji yokufikelela kwi-broadband engenazingcingo esekwe kuthotho lweeprotocol ze-IEEE802.16, eye kancinci kancinci yaba yindawo entsha yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-metro broadband engenazingcingo. Ingathatha indawo ye-DSL ekhoyo kunye noqhagamshelo olunezintambo ukubonelela ngeendlela ezizinzileyo, eziphathwayo zoqhagamshelo lwe-broadband engenazingcingo. Ngenxa yeendleko zayo eziphantsi zokwakha, ukusebenza okuphezulu kobugcisa kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, iya kuba yitekhnoloji engcono yokusombulula ingxaki yokufikelela kwi-IPTV ekhawulezileyo.
2, imeko yangoku yetekhnoloji yokufikelela kwi-IPTV
Okwangoku, iiteknoloji zokufikelela ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ze-IPTV ziquka i-DSL, i-FTTB, i-FTTH kunye nezinye iiteknoloji zokufikelela kwi-wireline ezikhawulezayo. Ngenxa yotyalo-mali oluphantsi ekusebenziseni inkqubo ye-DSL ekhoyo ukuxhasa iinkonzo ze-IPTV, i-3/4 yabaqhubi be-telecom e-Asia basebenzisa iibhokisi ze-set-top ukuguqula iisignali ze-DSL zibe ziisignali zeTV ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ze-IPTV.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo kwi-IPTV carrier ziquka iinkqubo ze-VOD kunye neTV. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umgangatho wokubukela we-IPTV uyafana nowenethiwekhi yekhebula yangoku, inethiwekhi ye-IPTV carrier iyadingeka ukubonelela ngeziqinisekiso kwi-bandwidth, ukulibaziseka kokutshintsha itshaneli, i-network QoS, njl.njl., kwaye ezi nkalo zobuchwepheshe be-DSL azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-IPTV, kwaye inkxaso ye-DSL ye-multicast ilinganiselwe. Ii-routers zeprotocol ze-IPv4, azixhasi i-multicast. Nangona ngokwethiyori kusekho indawo yokuphucula ubuchwepheshe be-DSL, kukho utshintsho oluncinci kwi-bandwidth.
3, iimpawu zobuchwepheshe beWiMAX
I-WiMAX yiteknoloji yokufikelela ngaphandle kwentambo ye-broadband esekelwe kumgangatho we-IEEE802.16, ongumgangatho omtsha wonxibelelwano lomoya ocetywayo kwiibhendi zamaza e-microwave kunye ne-millimeter. Ingabonelela ngesantya sokudlulisa esifikelela kwi-75Mbit/s, ukugubungela isikhululo esinye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50km. I-WiMAX yenzelwe ii-LAN ezingenazingcingo kwaye ukusombulula ingxaki yekhilomitha yokugqibela yokufikelela kwi-broadband, isetyenziselwa ukuqhagamshela "ii-hotspots" ze-Wi-Fi kwi-Intanethi, kodwa ikwasetyenziselwa ukuqhagamshela imeko-bume yenkampani okanye ikhaya kumgca womqolo onentambo, ongasetyenziswa njengentambo kunye nomgca we-DTH, kwaye ingasetyenziswa njengentambo kunye nomgca we-DTH. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuqhagamshela iindawo ezifana neshishini okanye ikhaya kumqolo onentambo, kwaye ingasetyenziswa njengolwandiso olungenantambo kwintambo kunye ne-DSL ukuvumela ukufikelela kwi-broadband engenantambo.
4, iWiMAX ivumela ukufikelela ngaphandle kweengcingo kwi-IPTV
(1) Iimfuno ze-IPTV kwinethiwekhi yokufikelela
Eyona nto iphambili kwinkonzo ye-IPTV kukunxibelelana kwayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo ngexesha langempela. Ngenkonzo ye-IPTV, abasebenzisi banokonwabela iinkonzo zemidiya yedijithali ezikumgangatho ophezulu (ezikufutshane nenqanaba le-DVD), kwaye banokukhetha ngokukhululekileyo iinkqubo zevidiyo kwiinethiwekhi ze-IP ze-broadband, befezekisa unxibelelwano olukhulu phakathi kwababoneleli beendaba kunye nabathengi beendaba.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umgangatho wokubukela we-IPTV uyafana nowenethiwekhi yekhebula yangoku, inethiwekhi yokufikelela kwi-IPTV kufuneka ikwazi ukubonelela ngeziqinisekiso ngokwe-bandwidth, i-latency yokutshintsha itshaneli, i-QoS yenethiwekhi, njl. Ngokuphathelele i-bandwidth yokufikelela komsebenzisi, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokubhala ikhowudi esetyenziswa kakhulu, abasebenzisi badinga ubuncinci i-bandwidth yokufikelela kwi-downlink ye-3 ~ 4Mbit / s, ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwevidiyo ekumgangatho ophezulu, i-bandwidth efunekayo nayo iphezulu; ekulibazisekeni kokutshintsha itshaneli, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi be-IPTV batshintsha phakathi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nokutshintsha kweTV eqhelekileyo ukusebenza okufanayo, ukusasazwa ngokubanzi kweenkonzo ze-IPTV kufuna ubuncinci izixhobo zokufikelela kwi-multiplexing zomgca wobhaliso wedijithali (DSLAM) ukuxhasa itekhnoloji ye-IP multicast; ngokubhekisele kwi-QoS yenethiwekhi, ukuthintela ukulahleka kwepakethi, i-jitter kunye nezinye iimpembelelo kumgangatho wokubukela i-IPTV.
(2) Ukuthelekiswa kwendlela yokufikelela kwiWiMAX nendlela yokufikelela kwiDSL, iWi-Fi kunye neFTTx
Ngenxa yemida yayo yobuchwephesha, i-DSL iseneengxaki ezininzi malunga nomgama, isantya kunye nesantya sokuphuma. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-DSL, i-WiMAX inokufikelela kwindawo enkulu ngokwethiyori, ibonelele ngamanani edatha akhawulezayo, ibe nomlinganiselo omkhulu wokukhula kunye neziqinisekiso eziphezulu ze-QoS.
Xa ithelekiswa ne-Wi-Fi, i-WiMAX ineengenelo zobugcisa zokugubungela ngokubanzi, ukulungelelaniswa kwebhendi ebanzi, ukukwazi ukukhulisa amandla, i-QoS ephezulu kunye nokhuseleko, njl. I-Wi-Fi isekelwe kumgangatho we-Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), kwaye isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukufikelela kwi-intanethi/i-intranet esasazwa ngokusondeleyo ngaphakathi, kwiiofisi, okanye kwiindawo ezishushu; I-WiMAX isekelwe kumgangatho we-Wireless WiMAX isekelwe kumgangatho we-wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN), osetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkonzo yokufikelela kwidatha ekhawulezayo phantsi kwe-mobile esisigxina nesantya esiphantsi.
I-FTTB+LAN, njengendlela yokufikelela kwi-broadband ekhawulezayo, iyasebenzaI-IPTVinkonzo ngaphandle kwengxaki enkulu ngokobuchwephesha, kodwa ithintelwe yingxaki yocingo oludibeneyo kwisakhiwo, iindleko zokufakela kunye nomgama wokudlulisela obangelwa yintambo ejijekileyo. Iimpawu zokudlulisela zeWiMAX ezingabonakaliyo, ukusasazwa okuguquguqukayo kunye nokukhula koqwalaselo, umgangatho wenkonzo ogqwesileyo weQoS kunye nokhuseleko oluqinileyo konke oku kwenza ukuba ibe yindlela efanelekileyo yokufikelela kwi-IPTV.
(3) Iingenelo zeWiMAX ekufezekiseni ukufikelela kwi-IPTV ngaphandle kweengcingo
Ngokuthelekisa iWiMAX neDSL, iWi-Fi kunye neFTTx, kunokubonwa ukuba iWiMAX yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufikelela kwi-IPTV. Ukususela ngoMeyi 2006, inani lamalungu eForam yeWiMAX landa laya kuma-356, kwaye abasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-120 kwihlabathi liphela bajoyine le ntlangano. IWiMAX iya kuba bubuchwepheshe obufanelekileyo bokusombulula i-IPTV engama-70. IWiMAX iya kuba yindlela engcono yokusombulula ingxaki ye-DSL kunye neWi-Fi.
(4) Ukuphunyezwa kwe-WiMAX yokufikelela kwi-IPTV
Umgangatho we-IEEE802.16-2004 ujolise kakhulu kwiitheminali ezizinzileyo, umgama ophezulu wokudlulisela yi-7 ~ 10km, kwaye ibhendi yayo yonxibelelwano ingaphantsi kwe-11GHz, ithatha indlela yetshaneli ekhethiweyo, kwaye i-bandwidth yetshaneli nganye iphakathi kwe-1.25 ~ 20MHz. Xa i-bandwidth iyi-20 MHz, umlinganiselo ophezulu we-IEEE 802.16a unokufikelela kwi-75 Mbit/s, ngokubanzi yi-40 Mbit/s; xa i-bandwidth iyi-10 MHz, inokubonelela ngesantya sokudlulisela esiphakathi se-20 Mbit/s.
Iinethiwekhi zeWiMAX zixhasa iimodeli zoshishino ezinemibala. Iinkonzo zedatha zamaxabiso ahlukeneyo zezona zinto ziphambili ekujoliswe kuzo kwinethiwekhi. IWiMAX ixhasa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo eQoS, ngoko ke ukugubungela inethiwekhi kunxulumene kakhulu nohlobo lwenkonzo. Ngokuphathelele ukufikelela kwi-IPTV. kuba i-IPTV ifuna uqinisekiso lweQoS oluphezulu kunye namazinga okudlulisa idatha ngesantya esiphezulu. ngoko ke inethiwekhi yeWiMAX imiselwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokwenani labasebenzisi kwindawo kunye neemfuno zabo. Xa abasebenzisi befikelela kwinethiwekhi ye-IPTV. Akukho mfuneko yokuphinda baqhube iingcingo, kufuneka bongeze izixhobo zokwamkela zeWiMAX kunye nebhokisi ye-IP set-top, ukuze abasebenzisi bakwazi ukusebenzisa inkonzo ye-IPTV ngokulula nangokukhawuleza.
Okwangoku, i-IPTV lishishini elikhulayo elinamandla amakhulu emarike, kwaye uphuhliso lwayo lusesemncinci. Indlela yophuhliso lwayo lwexesha elizayo kukudibanisa ngakumbi iinkonzo ze-IPTV kunye nee-terminals, kwaye iTV iya kuba yi-terminal yedijithali ebanzi yasekhaya enemisebenzi yonxibelelwano kunye ne-intanethi. Kodwa i-IPTV ifuna ukufezekisa impumelelo ngengqiqo yokwenyani, kungekuphela nje ukusombulula ingxaki yomxholo, kodwa nokusombulula ingxaki yekhilomitha yokugqibela.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-05-2024