Ukufunyanwa, Ukubekwa Kwendawo, kunye Nokuphathwa Kweendawo Eziphantsi Kakhulu Kwiintambo Zokukhanya

Kwindlela yokwakhiwa kweentambo ze-optical, ukusebenza kwe-attenuation yimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo yovavanyo. Ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zemigca eqhelekileyo, eli nqaku lihlalutya iindawo kunye neendlela zokuphatha iindawo ze-attenuation ephezulu kwimigca yeentambo ze-optical.

I. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo zeendawo ezinciphileyo

Emva kokugqiba ukudityaniswa kweentambo, uvavanyo lwe-OTDR ludla ngokwenziwa kwicandelo lonke le-relay. Olu vavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu ezibonakalayo zentambo edibeneyo ziyahlangabezana na neemfuno zokwakha kunye nemigangatho yokwamkelwa. Uvavanyo luquka ikakhulu:

• Ingaba ukuncitshiswa okupheleleyo kwecandelo le-relay kuphantsi kuneenkcazo zoyilo (oko kukuthi, ingaba i-avareji ye-avareji ye-avareji iyahlangabezana neemfuno)

• Ingaba ukulahleka okuphakathi kwe-avareji ye-splice yamalungu kuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokwamkelwa kunye neemfuno zoyilo

• Nokuba i-backscatter curve slope iyafana kwaye igudile, akukho manyathelo amakhulu okunciphisa ngaphandle kwamanyathelo amancinci abangelwa kukulahleka okuqhelekileyo kwe-splice

Xa usebenzisa i-OTDR ukuvavanya icandelo le-relay kunye nokufumana amanqaku aphezulu okunciphisa ubushushu, kubalulekile ukuseta ngokuchanekileyo iiparameter ezifana nobubanzi, ubude bomda, ububanzi be-pulse, i-refractive index, kunye nexesha eliphakathi:

• Uluhlu lovavanyo:Seta ngokwebude becandelo le-relay ukuze igophe lithathe malunga ne-2/3 yesikrini sokubonisa

• Ubude bamaza:Ngokwesiqhelo i-1310 nm kunye ne-1550 nm kwiintambo zesiqu ezikude

• Isalathisi sokubonisa ukukhanya:Iseti isekelwe kwiinkcukacha zomenzi wefayibha

• Ububanzi bepulse:Ipharamitha ephambili—incinci kakhulu ibangela ukuba uluhlu oluguquguqukayo lunganeli kunye nee-curves ezinomsindo; inkulu kakhulu inciphisa ukuchaneka kokulinganisa. Kufuneka ikhethwe ngokusekelwe kumgama kunye neemfuno zokuchaneka.

• Ixesha eliphakathi:Lungisa ude umsila ogobileyo ube bushelelezi ngaphandle kwengxolo ebonakalayo

Ukuze ufumane ngokuchanekileyo iindawo zempazamo, isoftware yohlalutyo lwe-OTDR ingasetyenziswa. Iimpazamo zihlala zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini: iimpazamo ze-splice-box kunye neempazamo ze-cable-body.

II. Ukuphathwa kwamanqaku aphantsi kakhulu

Okokuqala, misela ukuba ingaba i-high-attenuation point ikwindawo ye-splice na. Kwi-splice points, zonke ii-fibers zihlala zibonisa amanyathelo okunciphisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Ngokuhlalutya ii-fiber curves ezininzi ngaxeshanye, ukuba zonke ii-curves zibonisa amanyathelo kwindawo enye, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yingxaki ye-splice.

• Linganisa kwaye ubale ukulahleka kwe-splice ye-bidirectional ngelo xesha

• Bhala phantsi naziphi na ixabiso elidlula imigangatho

• Vula ukuvalwa kwe-splice uze wenze amanyathelo okulungisa

Ukuba kukho imicu ethile ebonisa ukuncitshiswa kwe-attenuation kwindawo ethile ngelixa eminye ingabonakali, ingxaki kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayisiyo i-splice kodwa yimpazamo emzimbeni wentambo.

Iindlela Zokufumana Impazamo

• Iimpazamo ezikufutshane:Sebenzisa i-OTDR ukusuka kwisiphelo sendlela ukulinganisa umgama ukusuka kwindawo ekufutshane ye-splice

• Iimpazamo ezingapheliyo:Ngenxa yokuchaneka okunciphileyo kumgama omde, jonga uvale i-splice ekufutshane endaweni yoko

• Hlanganisa idatha ye-OTDR neerekhodi zokwakha kunye nolwazi olungasebenziyo

• Yenza imilinganiselo yentsimi ukuze ufumane impazamo ngaphakathi komgama omalunga neemitha ezili-10

Le ndlela inciphisa ububanzi bokugrumba, inciphisa iindleko, kwaye inciphisa ixesha lokulungisa.

Iindlela Zokulungisa

1. Iimpazamo zeSplice-Point

• Vula ukuvalwa kwe-splice uze uphinde udibanise iifayibha

• Jonga ngexesha langempela usebenzisa i-OTDR de kufikelelwe kumanqanaba okulahleka okwamkelekileyo

Ukuba ukuphinda-phinda ukuphinda-phinda akuphumelelanga:

• Jonga ukuba iityhubhu ze-fiber buffer aziguquguquki na

• Qinisekisa ukuba i-radius igoba ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokudibanisa ifayibha

• Jonga ukuba ifayibha ayicinezelwanga na

Ukuba iingxaki ziyaqhubeka, hlola iindawo zekhebula ngaphambi nasemva kwe-slice. Ukuba kukho umonakalo okrokrelwayo, nqumla uze uphinde udibanise zonke iifayibha.

2. Iimpazamo kwiCable-Body

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ukujija okanye ukujija kwentambo

• Umonakalo wangaphandle woomatshini (umz., uxinzelelo oluvela ematyeni olubangela ukuguquka)

• Ukuguqulwa kwetyhubhu ye-buffer okukhokelela ekucinezelweni kwefayibha

Isisombululo:

• Sika icandelo elonakeleyo uze ulidibanise kwakhona

• Ukuba umonakalo omkhulu, faka i-splice closure uze ulungise iifayibha ezichaphazelekileyo.

• Ukuba kuyimfuneko, susa isikhongozeli sangaphandle uze ulungise okanye ufake ezinye iityhubhu ze-buffer ezonakeleyo.

Amanyathelo okuthintela

• Hlola ubude bekhebula elingasetyenziswanga ngaphambi kokuba ulidibanise

• Sika ubude obongezelelweyo kwiziphelo zekhebula ezikrokrelekayo ukuze uphephe umonakalo ofihlakeleyo

• Shiya i-slack eyaneleyo kwiindawo ezaziwayo zobuthathaka ukuze kube lula ukulungisa kwixesha elizayo

Iimfuno zovavanyo

Abasebenzi bovavanyo kufuneka basebenzisane neengcali zasentsimini kwaye benze iimvavanyo ze-OTDR kwezi zigaba zilandelayo:

1. Emva kokuba ukufakelwa kugqityiwe

2. Emva kokuba i-fiber coiling igqityiwe

3. Emva kokuvalwa kwe-splice ukutywinwa

Kuphela emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba iingxaki zokunciphisa imeko ziyasonjululwa xa iqela lishiya indawo.