Uhlalutyo lweenzuzo ze-WiMAX kwi-IPTV ukufikelela

Ukusukela oko i-IPTV yangena kwimarike ngo-1999, izinga lokukhula liye lakhula kancinci kancinci. Kulindeleke ukuba abasebenzisi behlabathi be-IPTV bafikelele ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-26 ngo-2008, kwaye izinga lokukhula elihlanganisiweyo lonyaka labasebenzisi be-IPTV eTshayina ukusuka ku-2003 ukuya ku-2008 liya kufikelela kuma-245%.

Ngokutsho kophando, ikhilomitha yokugqibela yeIPTVukufikelela ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswe kwimodi yokufikelela kwintambo ye-DSL, nge-bandwidth kunye nokuzinza kunye nezinye izinto, i-IPTV kukhuphiswano kunye ne-TV eqhelekileyo ikwimeko engalunganga, kwaye imowudi yokufikelela kwintambo yokwakhiwa kweendleko iphezulu, umjikelo ude, kwaye nzima. Ke ngoko, indlela yokusombulula ingxaki yokufikelela kwimayile yokugqibela ye-IPTV ibaluleke kakhulu.

I-WiMAX (i-WorldwideInteroper-abilityforMicrowave Access) bubuchwephesha bokufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo nge-broadband esekwe kwi-IEEE802.16 uthotho lweeprothokholi, ethe ngokuthe ngcembe yaba yindawo entsha yophuhliso ye-metro Broadband technology. Inokuthi ithathe indawo ye-DSL ekhoyo kunye noqhagamshelo lweengcingo ukubonelela ngokusisigxina, iifom eziphathwayo zoqhagamshelo lwe-wireless Broadband. Ngenxa yeendleko zayo zokwakha eziphantsi, ukusebenza okuphezulu kobugcisa kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, kuya kuba yiteknoloji engcono yokusombulula ingxaki yokufikelela kwi-mile yokugqibela ye-IPTV.

I-2, imeko yangoku ye-IPTV yokufikelela iteknoloji

Okwangoku, iitekhnoloji ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ze-IPTV zibandakanya i-DSL enesantya esiphezulu, i-FTTB, i-FTTH kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokufikelela kwi-wireline. Ngenxa yotyalo-mali oluphantsi ekusebenziseni inkqubo ye-DSL ekhoyo ukuxhasa iinkonzo ze-IPTV, i-3/4 yabaqhubi be-telecom e-Asia basebenzisa iibhokisi zokubeka phezulu ukuguqula iimpawu ze-DSL kwiimpawu zeTV ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ze-IPTV.

Imixholo ebaluleke kakhulu yomphathi we-IPTV ibandakanya iVOD kunye neenkqubo zeTV. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umgangatho wokujonga we-IPTV uthelekiseka neyonxibelelwano lwentambo yangoku, inethiwekhi ye-IPTV yenethiwekhi iyadingeka ukubonelela ngeziqinisekiso kwi-bandwidth, ukulibaziseka kokutshintshwa kwesiteshi, i-QoS yenethiwekhi, njl., kwaye le miba yeteknoloji ye-DSL ayinakukwazi. ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-IPTV, kunye nenkxaso ye-DSL ye-multicast inqunyelwe. IPv4 iprotocol routers, ayixhasi i-multicast. Nangona ngokwethiyori kusekho indawo yokuphucula itekhnoloji ye-DSL, zimbalwa iinguqu ezisemgangathweni kwi-bandwidth.

I-3, iimpawu zobuchwepheshe be-WiMAX

I-WiMAX yiteknoloji yokufikelela kwi-wireless ye-broadband esekelwe kumgangatho we-IEEE802.16, umgangatho omtsha wojongano lomoya ocetywayo kwi-microwave kunye ne-millimeter wave bands. Inokubonelela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-75Mbit/s isantya sothumelo, isiseko sesikhululo esinye ukuya kuma-50km. I-WiMAX yenzelwe ii-LAN ezingenazintambo kunye nokusombulula ingxaki ye-mile yokugqibela yokufikelela kwi-broadband, isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-Wi-Fi "i-hotspots" kwi-Intanethi, kodwa kwakhona ukudibanisa indawo yenkampani okanye ikhaya kumgca we-backbone line. , enokusetyenziswa njengentambo kunye nomgca we-DTH, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njengentambo kunye nomgca we-DTH. Ingasetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iimeko ezifana neshishini okanye ikhaya kwi-backbone ye-wire, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njengesandiso esingenazintambo kwikhebula kunye ne-DSL ukwenzela ukufikelela kwi-wireless broadband.

4, i-WiMAX iqonda ukufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo kwe-IPTV

(1) Iimfuno ze-IPTV kuthungelwano lofikelelo

Eyona nto iphambili yenkonzo ye-IPTV kukusebenzisana kwayo kunye nexesha langempela. Ngenkonzo ye-IPTV, abasebenzisi banokonwabela umgangatho ophezulu (kufutshane nenqanaba leDVD) iinkonzo zemidiya yedijithali, kwaye banokukhetha ngokukhululekileyo iinkqubo zevidiyo kuthungelwano lwe-IP ebanzi, beqonda ukusebenzisana okukhulu phakathi kwababoneleli bemidiya kunye nabathengi bemidiya.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umgangatho wokujonga we-IPTV uthelekiseka neyonxibelelwano lwentambo yangoku, inethiwekhi yokufikelela ye-IPTV iyadingeka ukuba ikwazi ukubonelela ngeziqinisekiso ngokubhekiselele kwi-bandwidth, i-channel switching latency, i-QoS yenethiwekhi, njalo njalo. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-bandwidth yokufikelela komsebenzisi, ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji ekhoyo esetyenziswa ngokubanzi, abasebenzisi badinga ubuncinane i-3 ~ 4Mbit / s i-downlink yokufikelela kwi-bandwidth, ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwevidiyo ephezulu, i-bandwidth efunekayo nayo iphezulu; ekulibazisekeni ukutshintshwa kwetshaneli, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba abasebenzisi be-IPTV batshintsha phakathi kwamajelo ahlukeneyo kunye ne-TV eqhelekileyo yokutshintsha ukusebenza okufanayo, ukusasazwa ngokubanzi kweenkonzo ze-IPTV kufuna ubuncinane i-digital Subscriber line access multiplexing equipment (DSLAM) ukuxhasa iteknoloji ye-IP multicast; ngokubhekiselele kwinethiwekhi ye-QoS, ukukhusela ukulahleka kwepakethi, i-jitter kunye nezinye iimpembelelo kumgangatho wokujonga i-IPTV.

(2) Ukuthelekiswa kwendlela yokufikelela kwi-WiMAX kunye ne-DSL, i-Wi-Fi kunye ne-FTTx indlela yokufikelela

I-DSL, ngenxa yeengxaki zayo zobugcisa, kusekho iingxaki ezininzi malunga nomgama, izinga kunye nezinga eliphumayo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-DSL, i-WiMAX inokugubungela indawo enkulu ngokwethiyori, ibonelele ngesantya sedatha ekhawulezayo, ibe ne-scalability enkulu kunye neziqinisekiso eziphezulu ze-QoS.

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Wi-Fi, i-WiMAX ineenzuzo zobugcisa zokugubungela ngokubanzi, ukulungelelaniswa kwebhendi ebanzi, ukuqina okunamandla, i-QoS ephezulu kunye nokhuseleko, njl. njl. I-Wi-Fi isekelwe kumgangatho we-Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), kwaye isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala. i-Intanethi/i-Intranet esasazwe ngokusondeleyo ngaphakathi ezindlwini, ezi-ofisini, okanye kwiindawo ezithandwa kakhulu; I-WiMAX isekelwe kwi-Wireless WiMAX isekelwe kumgangatho we-wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN), esetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkonzo yokufikelela kwidatha ye-high-speed phantsi kwe-fixed and low-speed mobile.

I-FTTB + LAN, njengendlela yokufikelela kwibroadband yesantya esiphezulu, iyaqhubaIPTVinkonzo ngaphandle kwengxaki eninzi ngokobuchwephesha, kodwa inqunyelwe yingxaki yocingo oludibeneyo kwisakhiwo, iindleko zofakelo kunye nomgama wothumelo obangelwa yintambo ephothiweyo. Iimpawu ezifanelekileyo zokuhanjiswa kwe-WiMAX ezingabonakaliyo, ukuhanjiswa okuguquguqukayo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwe-scalability, umgangatho ophezulu we-QoS wenkonzo kunye nokhuseleko oluluqilima konke kwenza kube yindlela efanelekileyo yokufikelela kwi-IPTV.

(3) Izinto eziluncedo ze-WiMAX ekufezekiseni ukufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo kwi-IPTV

Ngokuthelekisa i-WiMAX kunye ne-DSL, i-Wi-Fi kunye ne-FTTx, kunokubonwa ukuba i-WiMAX iyona khetho olungcono ekuqondeni ukufikelela kwe-IPTV. Ukususela ngoMeyi 2006, inani lamalungu eForam ye-WiMAX likhule laya kwi-356, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-120 yabaqhubi emhlabeni jikelele baye bajoyina umbutho. I-WiMAX iya kuba yiteknoloji efanelekileyo yokusombulula i-mile yokugqibela ye-IPTV. I-WiMAX iya kuba yinto engcono kwi-DSL kunye ne-Wi-Fi.

(4) Ukuphunyezwa kwe-WiMAX ye-IPTV Access

Umgangatho we-IEEE802.16-2004 ujoliswe ikakhulu kwii-terminals ezisisigxina, umgama ophezulu wothumelo yi-7 ~ 10km, kwaye ibhendi yayo yonxibelelwano ingaphantsi kwe-11GHz, ithatha indlela yokuzikhethela itshaneli, kwaye i-bandwidth yetshaneli nganye iphakathi kwe-1.25 ~ 20MHz. Xa i-bandwidth i-20 MHz, izinga eliphezulu le-IEEE 802.16a linokufikelela kwi-75 Mbit / s, ngokubanzi i-40 Mbit / s; xa i-bandwidth yi-10 MHz, inokubonelela ngesantya esiphakathi se-20 Mbit / s.

Uthungelwano lweWiMAX luxhasa iimodeli zoshishino ezinemibala. Iinkonzo zedatha zamaxabiso ahlukeneyo zizona njongo ephambili yenethiwekhi.I-WiMAX isekela amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-QoS, ngoko ke ukuhanjiswa kwenethiwekhi kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo nohlobo lwenkonzo. Ngokumalunga nofikelelo lwe-IPTV. kuba i-IPTV idinga ukuqinisekiswa kwe-QoS ephezulu kunye namazinga okuhanjiswa kwedatha ephezulu. ngoko inethiwekhi ye-WiMAX imiselwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokwenani labasebenzisi kwindawo kunye neemfuno zabo. Xa abasebenzisi befikelela kwinethiwekhi ye-IPTV. Akukho mfuneko yokuqhubela i-wiring kwakhona, kufuneka kuphela ukongeza izixhobo zokufumana i-WiMAX kunye nebhokisi ye-IP, ngoko abasebenzisi banokusebenzisa inkonzo ye-IPTV ngokulula nangokukhawuleza.

Okwangoku, i-IPTV lishishini elivelayo elinamandla amakhulu okuthengisa, kwaye uphuhliso lwayo lusebuncinaneni bayo. Intsingiselo yophuhliso lwayo lwexesha elizayo kukudibanisa ngakumbi iinkonzo ze-IPTV kunye neetheminali, kwaye i-TV iya kuba yi-terminal yasekhaya yedijithali ebanzi kunye nonxibelelwano kunye nemisebenzi ye-Intanethi. Kodwa i-IPTV ukufezekisa impumelelo ngokwenyani, kungekuphela nje ukusombulula ingxaki yomxholo, kodwa nokusombulula ibhotile yekhilomitha yokugqibela.