Ngokwemigaqo ye-layman, ukuhlanganiswa kweInethiwekhi yokudlala kathathukuthetha ukuba uthungelwano oluthathu olungundoqo lothungelwano lwezonxibelelwano, uthungelwano lwekhompyutha kunye nothungelwano lwentambo kamabonwakude lunokubonelela ngeenkonzo zonxibelelwano zemultimedia eziquka ilizwi, idatha kunye nemifanekiso ngoguqulo lobuchwepheshe. ISanhe ligama elibanzi nelentlalontle. Kweli nqanaba langoku, libhekisa “kwinqaku” kuthungelwano losasazo “ebusweni”, “inqaku” kuthungelwano lonxibelelwano ukuya “kwinqaku”, kunye nekhompyuter Ukudityaniswa kokutshintsha kwexesha logcino kuthungelwano ukuze kusebenze ngcono abantu akuthethi ukudityaniswa okubonakalayo kothungelwano oluphambili lothungelwano lonxibelelwano, uthungelwano lwekhompyuter, kunye nothungelwano lwentambo zikamabonwakude, kodwa ubukhulu becala ukudityaniswa kweshishini kubhekiselele kubuchwephesha obuphezulu. Emva “kokudityaniswa kwe-Triple-play Network”, abantu banokusebenzisa isilawuli kude seTV ukwenza iminxeba, ukubukela iidrama zikamabonwakude kwiifowuni zabo eziphathwayo, bakhethe iinethiwekhi kunye neeterminal njengoko kufuneka, kunye nonxibelelwano olupheleleyo, iTV, kunye nokufikelela kwi-Intanethi ngokutsala umgca okanye ukufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo.
Amanqanaba amathathu oPhuhliso lweFTTx
Uphuhliso lweFTTx yaseTshayina ludlule kwizigaba ezintathu. Inqanaba lokuqala lisuka ku-2005 ukuya ku-2007. Eli nqanaba lelenqanaba lovavanyo. Ngo-2005, i-China Telecom yaqala uvavanyo lwe-EPON fiber-to-ekhaya eBeijing, eGuangzhou, eShanghai, nase-Wuhan ukuqinisekisa ukuvuthwa kwemveliso.EPONinkqubo kunye nokuphonononga amava okwakha. Ngeli xesha, i-China Netcom, i-China Mobile, njl.njl baye baqhuba iimvavanyo kunye nezicelo zokuvavanya kwinkqubo ye-PON. Isikali sokwakhiwa kweFTTx kweli nqanaba lincinci kakhulu.
Inqanaba lesibini lisusela ku-2008 ukuya ku-2009, elinqanaba elikhulu lokusasazwa kwabasebenzi. Emva kwenqanaba lokuqala lokulinga kunye nophando. I-China Telecom iye yaqaphela ukukhula kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-EPON, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo lihlolisise isethi yeemodeli zokwakha ze-FTTx, kunye neemodeli zokwakha zeFTTH / FTTB + LAN / FTTB + DSL zisekiwe. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu leentambo zobhedu ngelo xesha, iindleko zemodeli yokwakha yeFTTB yayinenzuzo enkulu ngaphezu kweendleko zokwakha zokubeka iintambo zobhedu. I-bandwidth kunye ne-scalability yenethiwekhi ye-FTTB yayingcono kunothungelwano lokufikelela kwintambo yobhedu. Ke ngoko, ekupheleni kuka-2007, i-China Telecom yagqiba ekubeni yamkele i-FTTB + LAN yokusasazwa okukhulu kwiindawo ezisandula ukwakhiwa zesixeko, yenze i-FTTB + DSL igalelo le-optical input kunye noguquko lwemveliso yobhedu kwiindawo esele zikhona, kwaye iyeke ngokupheleleyo ukubekwa kothungelwano olutsha lweentambo zobhedu. Kweli nqanaba, ukuhanjiswa okukhulu kwe-FTTB kungenxa yokusebenza kweendleko ezingcono.
Inqanaba lesithathu laqala ngo-2010, kwaye i-FTTx yangena kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso. Ekuqaleni kowama-2010, iNkulumbuso uWen Jiabao weBhunga likarhulumente wayechophele intlanganiso yesigqeba seBhunga likarhulumente waza wagqiba kwelokuba akhawulezise ukudibanisa uthungelwano lwezonxibelelwano, unomathotholo nomabonwakude kunye ne-Intanethi. Kuyafuneka ukuba kukhawuleziswe ulwakhiwo lwefiber-optic yothungelwano lwebroadband yofikelelo kunye nenguqu yeendlela ezimbini zothungelwano lukanomathotholo nomabonakude, nokuba unxibelelwano kunye nonomathotholo nomabonakude kufuneka bavule iimarike zabo omnye komnye kwaye bakhuphisane ngokufanelekileyo. "Ukudityaniswa kokudlala kathathu" kuye kwazisa abantu abatsha abakhuphisanayo kunye nemimandla emitsha yokukhuphisana kuyo yonke imboni ye-telecom.
Ngo-Epreli, i-7 yabaphathiswa kunye neekomishoni ezibandakanya uMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTeknoloji yoLwazi kunye neKomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlaziyo lweSizwe ngokudibeneyo bakhuphe "Iimbono zokuKhuthaza uKwakha i-Optical Fiber Broadband Networks", efuna abaqhubi be-telecom ukuba bakhawulezise ukwakhiwa kwe-fiber optical broadband, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuphunyezwa kwe-fiber optic broadband kwiidolophu nakwiidolophana ezisemaphandleni. "Iimbono" ziphakamisa ukuba ngo-2011, inani le-optical fiber broadband port liya kudlula i-80 yezigidi, umthamo wokufikelela kwi-avareji yabasebenzisi basezidolophini uya kufikelela ngaphezu kwe-8 Mbit / s, umthamo wokufikelela kwi-avareji yabasebenzisi basemaphandleni uya kufikelela ngaphezu kwe-2 Mbit / s, kwaye umthamo wokufikelela kwi-avareji yabasebenzisi bezakhiwo zorhwebo baya kufikelela ngokusisiseko ngaphezu kwe-100 Mbit / s. isakhono sokufaka. Kwisithuba seminyaka emi-3, utyalo-mali kulwakhiwo lwe-fiber optic broadband network luya kudlula i-150 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, kwaye inani labasebenzisi abatsha bebroadband liya kudlula kwi-50 yezigidi.
Idityaniswe nesicwangciso sokwakha se-NGB esikhutshwe ngaphambili nguLawulo lukaRhulumente lweRadiyo, iFilimu kunye nomabonakude, i-bandwidth yokufikelela kwikhaya ngalinye kufuneka ifikelele kwi-40Mbit/s. Ukhuphiswano olwenziwe "ngomdlalo kathathu" luye lwagxila ngokuthe ngcembe kukhuphiswano lwe-bandwidth yokufikelela. Abaqhubi be-Telecom kunye nabaqhubi berediyo kunye nomabonakude baye bamkele ngamxhelo-mnye i-FTTx njengobuchwephesha obukhethwayo bokwakha inethiwekhi yokufikelela kwisantya esiphezulu. Oku kwenza uphuhliso lweFTTx lutshintshe ukusuka kwixabiso leendleko ukuya kukhuphiswano lwemarike. Uphuhliso lweFTTx lungene kwinqanaba elitsha.
Ukusuka kwelinye imbono, ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokuthunyelwa kwe-FTTx enkulu kunye nekhulile e-China ukuba ilizwe likholelwa ukuba kwimbono yetheknoloji kunye ne-industrial chain chain, kukho isiseko sobugcisa kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zokukhawuleza "ukuhlanganiswa kwenethiwekhi kathathu". Ngokusekelwe kwimfuno yokwandisa imfuno yangaphakathi kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wolwazi lwelizwe lam, ilizwe lisungule isicwangciso sesizwe “sokumanyaniswa kwe-Triple-play Network” ethubeni. Kunokuthiwa kukho ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kophuhliso lweshishini laseTshayina leFTTx kunye nesicwangciso selizwe "sokumanyaniswa kweNethiwekhi yokudlala kathathu".
"Ukudlala kathathu" kubangela ukuba iFTTx iphuhlise imibono entsha
IFayibha ukuya kwi-x (FTTx) ukufikelela kwefiber (FTTx, x = H yekhaya, i-P yendawo, i-C ye-curb kunye ne-N ye-node okanye indawo yokuhlala) apho i-FTTH fiber ukuya ekhaya, i-FTTP fiber ukuya kwindawo, i-FTTC fiber ukuya kwiNdlela yeNdlela / uluntu, i-FTTN fiber ukuya kwi-node. I-Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) ibe liphupha kunye nesikhokelo sobuchwephesha abantu abaye balandela iminyaka engama-20, kodwa ngenxa yemiqobo kwiindleko, iteknoloji kunye nemfuno, ayikakhuthazwa ngokubanzi kwaye iphuhliswe. Nangona kunjalo, oku kucotha kwenkqubela phambili kutshanje kutshintshe kakhulu. Ngenxa yenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nophuhliso lobuchwepheshe, i-FTTH iphinde yaba yindawo eshushu emva kweminyaka emininzi yokuthula, ingena kwixesha lophuhliso olukhawulezayo. Ukuthuthuzela kunye nokulula kobomi okuziswe zizicelo ezininzi ezinxulumene ne-broadband ezifana ne-VoIP, umdlalo we-Intanethi, i-E-learning, i-MOD (i-Multimedia kwi-Demand) kunye nekhaya elihlakaniphile, kunye nokujonga inkcazo ephezulu edibeneyo ebangelwa yi-HDTV Utshintsho lwenze i-fiber ebonakalayo eneempawu ezibalaseleyo ezifana ne-bandwidth ephezulu, umthamo omkhulu, kunye nelahleko ephantsi ukhetho olungenakuthintelwa kwidatha ehambisa umxhasi. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi abanokuqonda bajonga i-FTTx (ingakumbi i-fiber-to-the-home kunye ne-fiber-to-the-premises) njengento ebalulekileyo yokuguqula ukubuyisela imarike yonxibelelwano lwe-optical. Kwaye kulindeleke ukuba kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, inethiwekhi ye-FTTH iya kuba nophuhliso olukhulu.
I-China Telecom iceba ukwakha i-1 yezigidi ze-FTTH networks kwi-2010. I-Beijing, i-Shanghai, i-Jiangsu, i-Zhejiang, i-Guangdong, i-Wuhan kunye namanye amaphondo kunye nezixeko nazo ziye zaphakamisa ngokulandelelana iinkonzo ze-broadband ze-high-speed ezifana ne-20Mbit / s ukufikelela. Kunokuqikelelwa ukuba i-FTTH (i-fiber-to-the-home) indlela yokwakha iya kuba yindlela yokwakhiwa kwe-FTTx eqhelekileyo ukususela ngo-2011 ukuya phambili. Ubungakanani boshishino lweFTTx nalo luya kwanda ngokufanelekileyo. Kubaqhubi berediyo kunye nomabonwakude, emva "kokudityaniswa kwenethiwekhi ezintathu", indlela yokwenza ngokukhawuleza ukuguqulwa kweendlela ezimbini zothungelwano olukhoyo kunye nokuphuhlisa iinkonzo ezintsha ezifana ne-TV edibeneyo, ukufikelela kwi-intanethi ye-broadband, kunye nokufikelela kwilizwi yinto ephambili. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali, itekhnoloji, kunye neetalente, akunakwenzeka ukuchitha imali eninzi ukwakha uthungelwano lonxibelelwano olukumgangatho ophezulu. Singasebenzisa kuphela izixhobo zothungelwano ezikhoyo, ukucofa okunokwenzeka, kwaye sakhe kancinci kancinci.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-27-2023