Ngokwemigaqo ye-layman, ukuhlanganiswa kweInethiwekhi yokudlala kathathukuthetha ukuba uthungelwano oluthathu olungundoqo lothungelwano lwezonxibelelwano, uthungelwano lwekhompyutha kunye nothungelwano lwentambo kamabonwakude lunokubonelela ngeenkonzo zonxibelelwano zemultimedia eziquka ilizwi, idatha kunye nemifanekiso ngoguqulo lobuchwepheshe. ISanhe ligama elibanzi nelentlalontle. Kwinqanaba langoku, libhekiselele "kwinqaku" ekuhanjisweni kosasazo "ebusweni", "inqaku" kuthungelwano lonxibelelwano ukuya "kwindawo", kunye nekhompyuter Ukudityaniswa kokutshintsha kwexesha lokugcina kwinethiwekhi ukuze kusebenze ngcono abantu. ayithethi ukudityaniswa okubonakalayo kothungelwano oluthathu olungundoqo lothungelwano lwezonxibelelwano lwezonxibelelwano, uthungelwano lwekhompyutha, nothungelwano lwentambo kamabonakude, kodwa ubukhulu becala ibhekisa ekudityanisweni kwezicelo zoshishino ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu. Emva “kokudityaniswa kwe-Triple-play Network”, abantu banokusebenzisa isilawuli kude seTV ukwenza iminxeba, ukubukela iidrama zikamabonwakude kwiiselfowuni zabo, bakhethe iinethiwekhi kunye neeterminal njengoko kufuneka, kunye nonxibelelwano olupheleleyo, iTV, kunye nokufikelela kwi-Intanethi ngokutsala nje umgca okanye ukufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo.
Amanqanaba amathathu oPhuhliso lweFTTx
Uphuhliso lweFTTx yaseTshayina ludlule kwizigaba ezintathu. Inqanaba lokuqala lisuka ku-2005 ukuya ku-2007. Eli nqanaba lelenqanaba lovavanyo. Ngo-2005, i-China Telecom yaqala uvavanyo lwe-EPON fiber-to-ekhaya eBeijing, eGuangzhou, eShanghai, nase-Wuhan ukuqinisekisa ukuvuthwa kwemveliso.EPONinkqubo kunye nokuphonononga amava okwakha. Ngeli xesha, i-China Netcom, i-China Mobile, njl.njl baye baqhuba iimvavanyo kunye nezicelo zokuvavanya kwinkqubo ye-PON. Isikali sokwakhiwa kweFTTx kweli nqanaba lincinci kakhulu.
Inqanaba lesibini lisusela ku-2008 ukuya ku-2009, elinqanaba elikhulu lokusasazwa kwabasebenzi. Emva kwenqanaba lokuqala lokulinga kunye nophando. I-China Telecom iye yaqaphela ukukhula kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-EPON, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo lihlolisise isethi yeemodeli zokwakha ze-FTTx, kunye neemodeli zokwakha zeFTTH / FTTB + LAN / FTTB + DSL zisekiwe. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu leentambo zobhedu ngelo xesha, iindleko zemodeli yokwakha yeFTTB yayinenzuzo enkulu ngaphezu kweendleko zokwakha zokubeka iintambo zobhedu. I-bandwidth kunye ne-scalability yenethiwekhi ye-FTTB yayingcono kunothungelwano lokufikelela kwintambo yobhedu. Ke ngoko, ekupheleni kuka-2007, i-China Telecom yagqiba ekubeni yamkele i-FTTB + LAN yokusasazwa okukhulu kwiindawo ezisanda kwakhiwa esixekweni, yenze i-FTTB + DSL igalelo lokukhanya kunye noguquko lwemveliso yobhedu kwiindawo ezikhoyo, kwaye iyeke ngokupheleleyo ukubekwa iinethiwekhi zentambo zobhedu ezintsha. Kweli nqanaba, ukuhanjiswa okukhulu kwe-FTTB kungenxa yokusebenza kweendleko ezingcono.
Inqanaba lesithathu laqala ngo-2010, kwaye i-FTTx yangena kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso. Ekuqaleni kowama-2010, iNkulumbuso uWen Jiabao weBhunga likarhulumente wayechophele intlanganiso yesigqeba seBhunga likarhulumente waza wagqiba kwelokuba akhawulezise ukudibanisa uthungelwano lwezonxibelelwano, unomathotholo nomabonwakude kunye ne-Intanethi. Kuyafuneka ukuba kukhawuleziswe ulwakhiwo lwefiber-optic yothungelwano lwebroadband yofikelelo kunye nenguqu yeendlela ezimbini zothungelwano lukanomathotholo nomabonakude, nokuba unxibelelwano kunye nonomathotholo nomabonakude kufuneka bavule iimarike zabo omnye komnye kwaye bakhuphisane ngokufanelekileyo. "Ukudityaniswa kokudlala kathathu" kuye kwazisa abantu abatsha abakhuphisanayo kunye nemimandla emitsha yokukhuphisana kuyo yonke imboni ye-telecom.
Ngo-Epreli, i-7 yabaphathiswa kunye neekomishoni ezibandakanya uMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTeknoloji yoLwazi kunye neKomishoni yoPhuhliso lweSizwe kunye noHlaziyo ngokudibeneyo bakhuphe "Iimbono zokuKhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwe-Optical Fiber Broadband Networks", efuna abaqhubi be-telecom ukukhawuleza ukwakhiwa kwe-optical fiber broadband, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuphunyezwa kwe-fiber optic broadband kwizixeko nakwiilali ezisemaphandleni. "Iimbono" ziphakamisa ukuba ngo-2011, inani le-optical fiber broadband port liya kudlula i-80 yezigidi, umthamo wokufikelela kwi-avareji yabasebenzisi basezidolophini uya kufikelela ngaphezu kwe-8 Mbit / s, umthamo wokufikelela kubasebenzisi basemaphandleni uya kufikelela ngaphezu kwe-2 Mbit. /s, kunye ne-avareji yokufikelela umthamo wabasebenzisi bezakhiwo zorhwebo baya kufezekisa ngokusisiseko ngaphezu kwe-100 Mbit/s. isakhono sokufaka. Kwisithuba seminyaka emi-3, utyalo-mali kulwakhiwo lwe-fiber optic broadband network luya kudlula i-150 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, kwaye inani labasebenzisi abatsha bebroadband liya kudlula kwi-50 yezigidi.
Idityaniswe nesicwangciso sokwakha se-NGB esikhutshwe ngaphambili nguLawulo lukaRhulumente lweRadiyo, iFilimu kunye nomabonakude, i-bandwidth yokufikelela kwikhaya ngalinye kufuneka ifikelele kwi-40Mbit/s. Ukhuphiswano olwenziwe "ngomdlalo kathathu" luye lwagxila ngokuthe ngcembe kukhuphiswano lwe-bandwidth yokufikelela. Abaqhubi be-Telecom kunye nabaqhubi berediyo kunye nomabonakude baye bamkele ngamxhelo-mnye i-FTTx njengobuchwephesha obukhethwayo bokwakha inethiwekhi yokufikelela kwisantya esiphezulu. Oku kwenza uphuhliso lweFTTx lutshintshe ukusuka kwixabiso leendleko ukuya kukhuphiswano lwemarike. Uphuhliso lweFTTx lungene kwinqanaba elitsha.
Ukusuka kwelinye imbono, ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokuhanjiswa okukhulu kunye nokuvuthwa kwe-FTTx e-China ukuba ilizwe likholelwa ukuba kwimbono yetekhnoloji kunye ne-industrial chain, kukho isiseko sobugcisa kunye nezinto eziphathekayo zokukhawulezisa "ukuhlanganiswa kwenethiwekhi kathathu. ”. Ngokusekelwe kwimfuno yokwandisa imfuno yangaphakathi kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wolwazi lwelizwe lam, ilizwe lisungule isicwangciso sesizwe “sokumanyaniswa kwe-Triple-play Network” ethubeni. Kunokuthiwa kukho ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kophuhliso lweshishini laseTshayina leFTTx kunye nesicwangciso selizwe "sokumanyaniswa kweNethiwekhi yokudlala kathathu".
"Ukudlala kathathu" kubangela ukuba iFTTx iphuhlise imibono entsha
IFayibha ukuya kwi-x (FTTx) ufikelelo lwefiber (FTTx, x = H yekhaya, iP yezakhiwo, iC yokuthintela kunye ne-N ye-node okanye indawo yokuhlala) apho ifayibha ye-FTTH ukuya ekhaya, i-FTTP fiber ukuya kwindawo, i-FTTC fiber ukuya kwiNdlela yeNdlela / uluntu, i-FTTN fiber ukuya indawo. I-Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) ibe liphupha kunye nesikhokelo sobuchwephesha abantu abaye balandela iminyaka engama-20, kodwa ngenxa yemiqobo kwiindleko, iteknoloji kunye nemfuno, ayikakhuthazwa ngokubanzi kwaye iphuhliswe. Nangona kunjalo, oku kucotha kwenkqubela phambili kutshanje kutshintshe kakhulu. Ngenxa yenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nophuhliso lobuchwepheshe, i-FTTH iphinde yaba yindawo eshushu emva kweminyaka emininzi yokuthula, ingena kwixesha lophuhliso olukhawulezayo. Ukuthuthuzela kunye nokulula kobomi obuziswa zizicelo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene ne-broadband ezifana ne-VoIP, umdlalo we-Intanethi, i-E-learning, i-MOD (i-Multimedia kwi-Demand) kunye nekhaya elihlakaniphile, kunye nokujonga inkcazo ephezulu edibeneyo ebangelwa yi-HDTV. kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo ezifana ne-bandwidth ephezulu, umthamo omkhulu, kunye nelahleko ephantsi ukhetho olungenakuphepheka kwi-medium ehambisa idatha kumxhasi. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi abanokuqonda bajonga i-FTTx (ingakumbi i-fiber-to-the-home kunye ne-fiber-to-the-premises) njengento ebalulekileyo yokuguqula ukubuyisela imarike yonxibelelwano lwe-optical. Kwaye kulindeleke ukuba kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, inethiwekhi ye-FTTH iya kuba nophuhliso olukhulu.
I-China Telecom iceba ukwakha i-1 yezigidi ze-FTTH networks kwi-2010. I-Beijing, i-Shanghai, i-Jiangsu, i-Zhejiang, i-Guangdong, i-Wuhan kunye namanye amaphondo kunye nezixeko nazo ziye zaphakamisa ngokulandelelana iinkonzo ze-broadband ze-high-speed ezifana ne-20Mbit / s ukufikelela. Kunokuqikelelwa ukuba i-FTTH (i-fiber-to-the-home) indlela yokwakha iya kuba yindlela yokwakhiwa kwe-FTTx eqhelekileyo ukususela ngo-2011 ukuya phambili. Ubungakanani boshishino lweFTTx nalo luya kwanda ngokufanelekileyo. Kubaqhubi berediyo kunye nomabonwakude, emva "kokudityaniswa kwenethiwekhi ezintathu", indlela yokwenza ngokukhawuleza ukuguqulwa kweendlela ezimbini zothungelwano olukhoyo kunye nokuphuhlisa iinkonzo ezintsha ezifana ne-TV edibeneyo, ukufikelela kwi-intanethi ye-broadband, kunye nokufikelela kwilizwi yinto ephambili. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali, itekhnoloji, kunye neetalente, akunakwenzeka ukuchitha imali eninzi ukwakha uthungelwano lonxibelelwano olukumgangatho ophezulu. Singasebenzisa kuphela izixhobo zothungelwano ezikhoyo, ukucofa okunokwenzeka, kwaye sakhe kancinci kancinci.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-27-2023